Pamungkas Dicky, Hernaman Iman, Istianto Mizu, Ayuningsih Budi, Ginting Simon Petrus, Solehudin Solehudin, Paat Paulus Cornelius, Mariyono Mariyono, Tresia Gresy Eva, Ariyanti Rina, Fitriawaty Fitriawaty, Yusriani Yenni
Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency of The Republic of Indonesia, Bogor, Indonesia.
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia.
Vet World. 2024 Jul;17(7):1603-1610. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.1603-1610. Epub 2024 Jul 26.
Citronella grass () waste, produced by distilling citronella to produce essential oil, has a high potential for use as animal feed. However, the presence of high lignin content could limit its digestibility, prompting the need for treatment to improve its quality. This study aimed to improve the nutritional value and digestibility of ammoniated and fermented citronella waste (CW).
The treatments of CW included CW without treatment as a control (T0), ammoniation of CW with urea (T1), fermentation of CW with (T2), and a combination of ammoniation and fermentation (amofer) of CW (T3). This study employed a randomized block design with five replicates for each of the four treatments. If there was a significant effect (p < 0.05), a Duncan's multiple range test was performed to analyze the variance of the data.
The process of ammoniation and fermentation led to a notable increase in crude protein (2%-6%) while decreasing crude fiber (2%-6%), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (5%-14%), acid detergent fiber (ADF) (5%-9%), lignin (4%-9%), and cellulose (2%-10%). The treatments enhanced the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter (OM), NH, and total volatile fatty acid by 4%-12%, 6%-19%, 0.9-10 mM, and 35-142 mM, respectively. The decrease in NDF, ADF, acid detergent lignin (ADL), and cellulose fractions was accompanied by an improvement in dry matter and OM digestibility in CW. Ammoniated-fermented (amofer) CW, followed by fermentation with and ammoniated urea treatment, significantly enhanced the nutritional content and digestibility. The decrease in NDF, ADF, ADL, and cellulose fractions led to an improvement in dry matter and OM digestibility in CW.
The application of amofer treatment with maximizes CW's nutritional value and digestibility, making it the most efficient preservation method. Research is needed to explore the potential use of spp. and spp. for fermenting CW as ruminant fodder.
香茅（）废料是通过蒸馏香茅生产精油产生的，具有很高的用作动物饲料的潜力。然而，高木质素含量的存在可能会限制其消化率，因此需要进行处理以提高其质量。本研究旨在提高氨化和发酵香茅废料（CW）的营养价值和消化率。
CW的处理包括未经处理的CW作为对照（T0）、用尿素对CW进行氨化（T1）、用（未提及具体菌种，可能原文有误）对CW进行发酵（T2）以及对CW进行氨化和发酵的组合处理（氨化发酵，T3）。本研究采用随机区组设计，四种处理各有五个重复。如果存在显著影响（p < 0.05），则进行邓肯氏多重极差检验以分析数据的方差。
氨化和发酵过程导致粗蛋白显著增加（2% - 6%），同时粗纤维减少（2% - 6%）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）减少（5% - 14%）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）减少（5% - 9%）、木质素减少（4% - 9%）以及纤维素减少（2% - 10%）。这些处理分别使干物质、有机物质（OM）、NH（可能有误，推测为氨态氮之类）和总挥发性脂肪酸的消化率提高了4% - 12%、6% - 19%、0.9 - 10 mM和35 - 142 mM。NDF、ADF、酸性洗涤木质素（ADL）和纤维素组分的减少伴随着CW中干物质和OM消化率的提高。氨化 - 发酵（氨化发酵）的CW，其次是用（未提及具体菌种，可能原文有误）发酵和氨化尿素处理，显著提高了营养成分和消化率。NDF、ADF、ADL和纤维素组分的减少导致CW中干物质和OM消化率的提高。
采用（未提及具体菌种，可能原文有误）的氨化发酵处理可最大限度地提高CW的营养价值和消化率，使其成为最有效的保存方法。需要开展研究以探索（未提及具体菌种，可能原文有误）属和（未提及具体菌种，可能原文有误）属用于发酵CW作为反刍动物饲料的潜力。
