Sharma Pallavi, Nelson Randy J
Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
Clocks Sleep. 2024 Aug 19;6(3):446-467. doi: 10.3390/clockssleep6030030.
Substance use disorder is a major global health concern, with a high prevalence among adolescents and young adults. The most common substances of abuse include alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, nicotine, and opiates. Evidence suggests that a mismatch between contemporary lifestyle and environmental demands leads to disrupted circadian rhythms that impair optimal physiological and behavioral function, which can increase the vulnerability to develop substance use disorder and related problems. The circadian system plays an important role in regulating the sleep-wake cycle and reward processing, both of which directly affect substance abuse. Distorted substance use can have a reciprocal effect on the circadian system by influencing circadian clock gene expression. Considering the detrimental health consequences and profound societal impact of substance use disorder, it is crucial to comprehend its complex association with circadian rhythms, which can pave the way for the generation of novel chronotherapeutic treatment approaches. In this narrative review, we have explored the potential contributions of disrupted circadian rhythms and sleep on use and relapse of different substances of abuse. The involvement of circadian clock genes with drug reward pathways is discussed, along with the potential research areas that can be explored to minimize disordered substance use by improving circadian hygiene.
物质使用障碍是一个重大的全球健康问题，在青少年和年轻人中患病率很高。最常见的滥用物质包括酒精、大麻、可卡因、尼古丁和阿片类药物。有证据表明，当代生活方式与环境需求之间的不匹配会导致昼夜节律紊乱，从而损害最佳的生理和行为功能，这会增加患物质使用障碍及相关问题的易感性。昼夜节律系统在调节睡眠-觉醒周期和奖赏处理方面发挥着重要作用，而这两者都会直接影响物质滥用。扭曲的物质使用会通过影响昼夜节律时钟基因表达对昼夜节律系统产生相互作用。考虑到物质使用障碍对健康的有害影响和深远的社会影响，理解其与昼夜节律的复杂关联至关重要，这可为新型时间治疗方法的产生铺平道路。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们探讨了昼夜节律紊乱和睡眠对不同滥用物质的使用和复发的潜在影响。我们还讨论了昼夜节律时钟基因与药物奖赏途径的关系，以及通过改善昼夜节律卫生来减少物质使用紊乱的潜在研究领域。
