Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Singapore.
Chem Rev. 2024 Sep 25;124(18):10386-10434. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00471. Epub 2024 Aug 27.
Wearable devices can provide timely, user-friendly, non- or minimally invasive, and continuous monitoring of human health. Recently, multidisciplinary scientific communities have made significant progress regarding fully integrated wearable devices such as sweat wearable sensors, saliva sensors, and wound sensors. However, the translation of these wearables into markets has been slow due to several reasons associated with the poor system-level performance of integrated wearables. The wearability consideration for wearable devices compromises many properties of the wearables. Besides, the limited power capacity of wearables hinders continuous monitoring for extended duration. Furthermore, peak-power operations for intensive computations can quickly create thermal issues in the compact form factor that interfere with wearability and sensor operations. Moreover, wearable devices are constantly subjected to environmental, mechanical, chemical, and electrical interferences and variables that can invalidate the collected data. This generates the need for sophisticated data analytics to contextually identify, include, and exclude data points per multisensor fusion to enable accurate data interpretation. This review synthesizes the challenges surrounding the wearable device integration from three aspects in terms of hardware, energy, and data, focuses on a discussion about hybrid integration of wearable devices, and seeks to provide comprehensive guidance for designing fully functional and stable wearable devices.
可穿戴设备可以提供及时、用户友好、非侵入性或最小侵入性、以及持续的人体健康监测。最近，多学科科学界在全集成可穿戴设备方面取得了重大进展，例如汗液可穿戴传感器、唾液传感器和伤口传感器。然而，由于与集成可穿戴设备系统性能差相关的几个原因，这些可穿戴设备向市场的转化一直较为缓慢。可穿戴设备的可穿戴性考虑因素会影响可穿戴设备的许多特性。此外，可穿戴设备的有限功率容量限制了其进行长时间连续监测的能力。此外，密集计算的峰值功率操作会在紧凑的外形尺寸中迅速产生热问题，从而干扰可穿戴性和传感器操作。此外，可穿戴设备会不断受到环境、机械、化学和电气干扰以及变量的影响，从而导致收集的数据无效。这就需要复杂的数据分析来根据多传感器融合有针对性地识别、包含和排除数据点，以实现准确的数据解释。本综述从硬件、能源和数据三个方面综合了可穿戴设备集成所面临的挑战，重点讨论了可穿戴设备的混合集成，并旨在为设计功能齐全且稳定的可穿戴设备提供全面的指导。
