State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Oct;278(Pt 4):135072. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135072. Epub 2024 Aug 25.
Cancer, caused by uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells, has long been a global public health issue. For decades, natural products have been proven to be an essential source for novel anticancer drug discovery. But their instability, low solubility and bioavailability, poor targeting impede therapeutic efficacy. With the development of nanotechnology, nanomedicine delivery systems have emerged as promising strategies to improve bioavailability and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of drugs. However, constructing suitable nanocarrier is still a major challenge. Polysaccharides are extensively employed as carrier materials in nanomedicine delivery systems, owing to their unique physicochemical properties, biocompatibility and low immunogenicity. Polysaccharide-based nanomedicine delivery systems show high drug delivery efficiency, controlled drug release, and precise tumor targeting. This paper reviews influencing factors in the construction of polysaccharide-based nanocarriers and the application of polysaccharide-based nanocarriers for the delivery of natural products in treating various cancers. It focuses on their in vitro and in vivo anticancer efficacy and mechanisms. Furthermore, the review contrasts the capabilities and limitations of polysaccharide-based nanocarriers with traditional delivery methods, underlining their potential to enable targeted, reduced toxicity and excellent cancer treatment modalities. Finally, we discuss the current research limitations and future prospects in this emerging field.
癌症是由异常细胞的不受控制的增殖引起的，长期以来一直是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。几十年来，天然产物已被证明是发现新型抗癌药物的重要来源。但是，它们的不稳定性、低溶解度和生物利用度、靶向性差，限制了治疗效果。随着纳米技术的发展，纳米医学给药系统作为提高生物利用度和增强药物治疗效果的有前途的策略已经出现。然而，构建合适的纳米载体仍然是一个主要挑战。多糖由于其独特的物理化学性质、生物相容性和低免疫原性，被广泛用作纳米医学给药系统中的载体材料。基于多糖的纳米医学给药系统具有高效的药物传递效率、可控的药物释放和精确的肿瘤靶向性。本文综述了影响多糖基纳米载体构建的因素，以及多糖基纳米载体在天然产物治疗各种癌症中的应用。本文重点介绍了它们在体外和体内的抗癌功效和机制。此外，还比较了多糖基纳米载体与传统递药方法的性能和局限性，强调了它们在实现靶向、降低毒性和改善癌症治疗方式方面的潜力。最后，我们讨论了该新兴领域目前的研究局限性和未来展望。
