Schaeffer Doris, Griese Lennert, Haarmann Alexander
Fakultät für Gesundheitswissenschaften, Universität Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany.
Health System Governance, Hertie School of Governance, Berlin, Germany.
Gesundheitswesen. 2025 Feb;87(2):109-118. doi: 10.1055/a-2350-6377. Epub 2024 Aug 27.
To date, there are only a few studies analyzing health professionals' health literacy (HL). Mostly, the focus has been on personal rather than professional HL. To bridge this gap, a new concept and an associated survey instrument have been developed in a three-country consortium. The aim of this article was to examine the professional HL of general practitioners (GPs) in Germany.
The survey instrument used consists of 34 items and assesses subjective difficulties in four dimensions to be addressed in promoting patients' HL: "information and knowledge management", "conveying information and knowledge", "patient-centred communication", "professional digital HL". A total of 297 GPs and internists working in general practice were surveyed online over the summer of 2022. The professional HL (score from 0 to 100) was analyzed descriptively and examined in relation to gender, selected job-related, and organizational characteristics, using multiple linear regression.
Depending on the four areas, GPs achieved approximately half to almost three-quarters of the highest possible score. The dimension "patient-centred communication" was perceived as the easiest, followed by "information and knowledge management", and "conveying information and knowledge". The most challenging dimension was "professional digital HL". According to the multivariate analysis, professional HL shows a relation to gender, organizational framework and training conditions, job duration, and coping with the diversity of digital information. The strength of correlation varies by area and is rather weak in some instances.
The results demonstrate the importance of promoting professional HL of GPs and provide numerous indications of where to start. They also indicate that the regression models should be extended by additional determinants, since the included variables can explain only a small amount of variance.
迄今为止，仅有少数研究分析卫生专业人员的健康素养（HL）。大多数情况下，重点一直放在个人而非专业健康素养上。为了弥补这一差距，一个三国联盟开发了一个新概念及相关调查工具。本文旨在研究德国全科医生（GP）的专业健康素养。
所使用的调查工具由34个项目组成，评估在促进患者健康素养时要解决的四个维度的主观困难：“信息与知识管理”、“信息与知识传递”、“以患者为中心的沟通”、“专业数字健康素养”。2022年夏季，对总共297名从事全科医疗工作的全科医生和内科医生进行了在线调查。对专业健康素养（得分从0到100）进行描述性分析，并使用多元线性回归分析其与性别、选定的与工作相关的特征以及组织特征的关系。
根据四个领域的情况，全科医生获得了最高可能分数的大约一半到近四分之三。“以患者为中心的沟通”维度被认为是最容易的，其次是“信息与知识管理”以及“信息与知识传递”。最具挑战性的维度是“专业数字健康素养”。根据多变量分析，专业健康素养与性别、组织框架和培训条件、工作时长以及应对数字信息的多样性有关。相关强度因领域而异，在某些情况下相当微弱。
结果表明提高全科医生专业健康素养的重要性，并提供了许多从何处着手的指示。它们还表明回归模型应通过其他决定因素进行扩展，因为所纳入的变量只能解释少量的方差。
