Babanejad Safoura, Ahmed Hesham, Andersson Charlotte, Mousa Elsayed
Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resource Engineering, Process Metallurgy, Minerals and Metallurgical Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden.
Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, P.O. Box 87, Helwan 11421, Egypt.
ACS Sustain Resour Manag. 2024 Jul 22;1(8):1759-1767. doi: 10.1021/acssusresmgt.4c00117. eCollection 2024 Aug 22.
Li-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used nowadays. Because of their limited lifetimes and resource constraints in manufacturing them, it is essential to develop effective recycling routes to recover their valuable elements. This study focuses on the pyrometallurgical recycling of black mass (BM) from a mixture of different LIBs. In this study, the high-temperature behavior of two types of mixed BM is initially examined. Subsequently, the effect of mechanical activation on the BM reduction kinetics is investigated. Finally, hematite is added to the BM to first be reduced by the excess graphite in the BM and second to form an Fe-based alloy containing Co and Ni. This study demonstrates that mechanical activation does not necessarily affect the kinetics of BM high-temperature behavior. Furthermore, it demonstrates that alloy-making by the addition of hematite is a successful method to simultaneously utilize the graphite in the BM and recover Co and Ni, regardless of the LIB type.
锂离子电池（LIBs）如今被广泛使用。由于其有限的使用寿命以及制造过程中的资源限制，开发有效的回收途径以回收其有价值的元素至关重要。本研究聚焦于从不同锂离子电池混合物中对黑粉（BM）进行火法冶金回收。在本研究中，首先考察了两种类型混合黑粉的高温行为。随后，研究了机械活化对黑粉还原动力学的影响。最后，向黑粉中添加赤铁矿，首先由黑粉中过量的石墨将其还原，其次形成含钴和镍的铁基合金。本研究表明，机械活化不一定会影响黑粉高温行为的动力学。此外，研究表明添加赤铁矿进行合金制造是一种成功的方法，无论锂离子电池的类型如何，都能同时利用黑粉中的石墨并回收钴和镍。
