Pasqualette Laura, Fidalgo Tatiana Kelly da Silva, Freitas-Fernandes Liana Bastos, Souza Gabriela Guerra Leal, Imbiriba Luís Aureliano, Lobo Leandro Araujo, Volchan Eliane, Domingues Regina Maria Cavalcanti Pilotto, Valente Ana Paula, Miranda Karla Rodrigues
Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil.
Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
Metabolites. 2024 Aug 15;14(8):450. doi: 10.3390/metabo14080450.
Accumulating evidence suggests that interactions between the brain and gut microbiota significantly impact brain function and mental health. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether young, healthy adults without psychiatric diagnoses exhibit differences in metabolic stool and microbiota profiles based on depression/anxiety scores and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters. Untargeted nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics was used to identify fecal metabolic profiles. Results were subjected to multivariate analysis through principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and the metabolites were identified through VIP score. Metabolites separating asymptomatic and symptomatic groups were acetate, valine, and glutamate, followed by sugar regions, glutamine, acetone, valerate, and acetoacetate. The main metabolites identified in high vagal tone (HVT) and low vagal tone (LVT) groups were acetate, valerate, and glutamate, followed by propionate and butyrate. In addition to the metabolites identified by the PLS-DA test, significant differences in aspartate, sarcosine, malate, and methionine were observed between the groups. Levels of acetoacetate were higher in both symptomatic and LVT groups. Valerate levels were significantly increased in the symptomatic group, while isovalerate, propionate, glutamate, and acetone levels were significantly increased in the LVT group. Furthermore, distinct abundance between groups was only confirmed for the Firmicutes phylum. Differences between participants with high and low vagal tone suggest that certain metabolites are involved in communication between the vagus nerve and the brain.
越来越多的证据表明，大脑与肠道微生物群之间的相互作用会显著影响大脑功能和心理健康。在本研究中，我们旨在调查没有精神疾病诊断的年轻健康成年人在代谢粪便和微生物群特征方面是否基于抑郁/焦虑评分和心率变异性（HRV）参数存在差异。使用基于非靶向核磁共振的代谢组学来识别粪便代谢特征。通过主成分分析（PCA）和偏最小二乘判别分析（PLS-DA）对结果进行多变量分析，并通过VIP评分识别代谢物。区分无症状和有症状组的代谢物是乙酸盐、缬氨酸和谷氨酸盐，其次是糖类区域、谷氨酰胺、丙酮、戊酸盐和乙酰乙酸盐。在高迷走神经张力（HVT）和低迷走神经张力（LVT）组中识别出的主要代谢物是乙酸盐、戊酸盐和谷氨酸盐，其次是丙酸盐和丁酸盐。除了通过PLS-DA测试识别出的代谢物外，两组之间还观察到天冬氨酸、肌氨酸、苹果酸和蛋氨酸存在显著差异。有症状组和LVT组的乙酰乙酸盐水平均较高。有症状组的戊酸盐水平显著升高，而LVT组的异戊酸盐、丙酸盐、谷氨酸盐和丙酮水平显著升高。此外，仅在厚壁菌门中证实了组间的明显丰度差异。高迷走神经张力和低迷走神经张力参与者之间的差异表明，某些代谢物参与了迷走神经与大脑之间的通信。
