Department for Psychotherapy and Biopsychosocial Health, Danube University Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jul 6;21(13):4784. doi: 10.3390/ijms21134784.
Anxiety disorders range among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders and belong to the leading disorders in the study of the total global burden of disease. Anxiety disorders are complex conditions, with not fully understood etiological mechanisms. Numerous factors, including psychological, genetic, biological, and chemical factors, are thought to be involved in their etiology. Although the diagnosis of anxiety disorders is constantly evolving, diagnostic manuals rely on symptom lists, not on objective biomarkers and treatment effects are small to moderate. The underlying biological factors that drive anxiety disorders may be better suited to serve as biomarkers for guiding personalized medicine, as they are objective and can be measured externally. Therefore, the incorporation of novel biomarkers into current clinical methods might help to generate a classification system for anxiety disorders that can be linked to the underlying dysfunctional pathways. The study of metabolites (metabolomics) in a large-scale manner shows potential for disease diagnosis, for stratification of patients in a heterogeneous patient population, for monitoring therapeutic efficacy and disease progression, and for defining therapeutic targets. All of these are important properties for anxiety disorders, which is a multifactorial condition not involving a single-gene mutation. This review summarizes recent investigations on metabolomics studies in anxiety disorders.
焦虑障碍是最常见的精神障碍之一，属于疾病总负担研究中的主要障碍。焦虑障碍是复杂的疾病，其发病机制尚未完全了解。许多因素，包括心理、遗传、生物和化学因素，被认为与它们的病因有关。尽管焦虑障碍的诊断在不断发展，但诊断手册依赖于症状清单，而不是客观的生物标志物，治疗效果较小到中等。导致焦虑障碍的潜在生物学因素可能更适合作为指导个性化医学的生物标志物，因为它们是客观的，可以从外部测量。因此，将新的生物标志物纳入当前的临床方法可能有助于为焦虑障碍建立一个可与潜在功能障碍途径相关联的分类系统。大规模研究代谢物（代谢组学）显示出在疾病诊断、异质患者人群中的患者分层、监测治疗效果和疾病进展以及定义治疗靶点方面具有潜力。所有这些都是焦虑障碍的重要特征，焦虑障碍是一种多因素疾病，不涉及单一基因突变。这篇综述总结了焦虑障碍的代谢组学研究的最新进展。
