Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong University, Hong Kong, China.
Division of General Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
Clin Exp Med. 2024 Aug 28;24(1):202. doi: 10.1007/s10238-024-01443-8.
Oncolytic viruses (OV) are a promising strategy in cancer immunotherapy. Their capacity to promote anti-tumoral immunity locally raises hope that cancers unresponsive to current immunotherapy approaches could be tackled more efficiently. In this context, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) must be considered because of their pivotal role in cancer immunity. Even though TAM tend to inhibit anti-tumoral responses, their ability to secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines and phagocytose cancer cells can be harnessed to promote therapeutic cancer immunity. OVs have the potential to promote TAM pro-inflammatory functions that favor anti-tumoral immunity. But in parallel, TAM pro-inflammatory functions induce OV clearance in the tumor, thereby limiting OV efficacy and highlighting that the interaction between OV and TAM is a double edge sword. Moreover, engineered OVs were recently developed to modulate specific TAM functions such as phagocytic activity. The potential of circulating monocytes to deliver OV into the tumor after intravenous administration is also emerging. In this review, we will present the interaction between OV and TAM, the potential of engineered OV to modulate specific TAM functions, and the promising role of circulating monocytes in OV delivery to the tumor.
溶瘤病毒 (OV) 是癌症免疫治疗中很有前途的一种策略。它们在局部促进抗肿瘤免疫的能力让人们寄希望于能够更有效地治疗那些对当前免疫治疗方法无反应的癌症。在这种情况下，必须考虑肿瘤相关巨噬细胞 (TAM)，因为它们在癌症免疫中起着关键作用。尽管 TAM 往往会抑制抗肿瘤反应，但它们分泌促炎细胞因子和吞噬癌细胞的能力可以被利用来促进治疗性癌症免疫。OV 有可能促进有利于抗肿瘤免疫的 TAM 促炎功能。但与此同时，TAM 的促炎功能会诱导肿瘤中 OV 的清除，从而限制 OV 的疗效，并凸显出 OV 和 TAM 之间的相互作用是一把双刃剑。此外，最近还开发了工程化的 OV 来调节特定的 TAM 功能，如吞噬活性。循环单核细胞在静脉给药后将 OV 递送到肿瘤中的潜力也正在出现。在这篇综述中，我们将介绍 OV 与 TAM 的相互作用、工程化 OV 调节特定 TAM 功能的潜力，以及循环单核细胞在 OV 递送到肿瘤中的有前途的作用。
