Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey; Affiliated with the Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czechia; The Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Portugal.
Araklı Ali Cevat Özyurt Vocational School, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Oct;369:122230. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122230. Epub 2024 Aug 27.
Various research endeavours are designed to identify ecosystem services, assess their spatial distribution, and prioritize them in a given forest landscape. The Turkish State Forest Organization has introduced an ecosystem-based multiple-use forest management philosophy since 2008, which emphasizes the need for identifying and allocating ecosystem services to each forest planning unit. This paper aims to investigate the use of Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) techniques and explores their effectiveness and suitability in identifying and allocating ecosystem services to forest units, considering scientific suitability, stakeholder engagement and the sustainability concept in the context of ecosystem-based forest management decision-making processes in a case study area of Turkey. We propose a framework that entails an iterative process comprising various stages, starting from identifying ecosystem services (ES) to allocating them to forest stands with a participatory approach. We employed the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Delphi method to determine stakeholder preferences and allocate ecosystem services to forest stands. This was achieved through an equation newly developed using scientific suitability, stakeholder preferences, and the sustainability concept. The landscape percentage allocated primarily to ES was as follows: water regulation (55.44%), soil protection (16.47%), biodiversity conservation (14.03%), wood production (13.08%), and aesthetic-recreation (0.84%). Notably, no allocations were made for national defence and climate regulation services. In conclusion, the stratification of Posof forests into zones was efficiently achieved a priori, considering both scientific-technical and socio-cultural criteria through MCDA techniques based on stakeholder preferences. This study streamlines the decision-making process involved in spatially allocating ecosystem services and provides crucial information instrumental in determining management objectives and optimal forest activities.
各种研究旨在确定生态系统服务，评估其空间分布，并对特定森林景观中的生态系统服务进行优先级排序。土耳其国家森林组织自 2008 年以来引入了基于生态系统的多用途森林管理理念，强调需要识别和分配生态系统服务给每个森林规划单位。本文旨在探讨多准则决策分析（MCDA）技术的应用，并在土耳其的案例研究区中，考察这些技术在识别和分配生态系统服务给森林单位方面的有效性和适宜性，同时考虑到基于生态系统的森林管理决策过程中的科学适宜性、利益相关者参与和可持续性概念。我们提出了一个框架，该框架涉及一个迭代过程，包括从识别生态系统服务（ES）到通过参与式方法将其分配给森林林分的各个阶段。我们采用层次分析法（AHP）和德尔菲法来确定利益相关者的偏好，并利用一个新开发的方程将生态系统服务分配给森林林分，该方程综合了科学适宜性、利益相关者偏好和可持续性概念。主要分配给生态系统服务的景观百分比如下：水资源调节（55.44%）、土壤保护（16.47%）、生物多样性保护（14.03%）、木材生产（13.08%）和审美娱乐（0.84%）。值得注意的是，没有为国防和气候调节服务进行分配。总之，通过基于利益相关者偏好的 MCDA 技术，成功地实现了对波索夫森林进行分区，考虑到了科学技术和社会文化标准。本研究简化了空间分配生态系统服务的决策过程，并提供了关键信息，有助于确定管理目标和优化森林活动。
