Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3085, Australia.
Sci Rep. 2024 Aug 27;14(1):19935. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-70181-4.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is expanding as a global health problem with approximately 25% of the world's population affected by it. Dietary modification is one of the most important strategies for preventing NAFLD. The association between nutrient density and the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI2015) with NAFLD demonstrates that nutrient density is an independent predictor of NAFLD in Iranian adults [fully adjusted model: OR (95% CI): 0.68 (0.54-0.85), P = 0.001]. However, a favorable association between NAFDL and diet quality (HEI 2015) is more pronounced in participants with abdominal obesity [fully adjusted model: OR (95% CI): 0.63 (0.41-0.98), P = 0.03]. Based on the gender-stratified path analysis, diet quality indirectly through Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and metabolic syndrome in women, and men through WHtR, hemoglobin A1c (HBA1c), CRP, and metabolic syndrome affects NAFLD. Nutrient density directly and indirectly in women through WHtR, CRP, and metabolic syndrome, and in men indirectly through WHtR, hemoglobin A1c, and metabolic syndrome negatively affect NAFLD. Hence, in these subjects; we can provide early dietary intervention and education to prevent progression to NAFLD.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）作为一个全球性的健康问题正在不断扩大，全球约有 25%的人口受到影响。饮食调整是预防 NAFLD 的最重要策略之一。营养素密度与健康饮食指数 2015（HEI2015）与 NAFLD 的关联表明，营养素密度是伊朗成年人 NAFLD 的一个独立预测因素[完全调整模型：OR（95%CI）：0.68（0.54-0.85），P=0.001]。然而，在腹部肥胖的参与者中，NAFLD 与饮食质量（HEI 2015）之间的有利关联更为明显[完全调整模型：OR（95%CI）：0.63（0.41-0.98），P=0.03]。基于性别分层路径分析，饮食质量通过腰围身高比（WHtR）、C 反应蛋白（CRP）和代谢综合征在女性中，以及通过 WHtR、血红蛋白 A1c（HBA1c）、CRP 和代谢综合征在男性中，间接地影响 NAFLD。在女性中，营养素密度通过 WHtR、CRP 和代谢综合征直接和间接，在男性中通过 WHtR、血红蛋白 A1c 和代谢综合征间接负性地影响 NAFLD。因此，在这些人群中；我们可以提供早期的饮食干预和教育，以预防 NAFLD 的进展。
