Characterization of Phenolic Profile and Biological Properties of Fisch. ex Bunge Commercial Samples.

Fisch. ex Bunge (syn. Bunge) is one of the notable medicinal and food plants. Therefore, the aim of this study was to calculate the phenolic composition and antioxidant, antimicrobial, as well as enzyme inhibitory [acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and tyrosinase (TYR)] activities with chemometric approaches of the hydromethanolic and water extracts of commercial samples. Ten individual phenolic compounds were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and only quercetin was found at a level of above 80 µg/g DW in both extracts. Moreover, the highest antioxidant activity in DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, and CUPRAC assays was found in the sample containing the roots in loose form from USA. extracts displayed the inhibition zone diameters within the range from 10 to 22 mm antimicrobial activity against , while there were no inhibition zones in any extracts in case of . The extracts of showed an inhibition rate below 40% against TYR, and among tested extracts, only two samples were able to inhibit BChE with IC values of above 30 µg/mL. Correlation analysis showed a highly positive relationship between their phenolic composition and antioxidant activity. Concluding, the obtained results confirmed that commercial samples could be an important dietary source of natural antioxidants.