Wikar Tomasz, Rubinkiewicz Mateusz, Stygar Dominika, Chełmecka Elżbieta, Popiela Urszula, Michał Wysocki, Tylec Piotr, Maziarz Barbara, Kukla Michał
2nd Department of General Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-066 Kraków, Poland.
Department of Medical Education, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-066 Krakow, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2024 Aug 14;13(16):4784. doi: 10.3390/jcm13164784.
: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant global health challenges. Despite extensive research efforts, the inflammatory response triggered by SARS-CoV-2 remains to be further explored and understood. Our study aims to examine the changes in serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory adipokines-visfatin and leptin-in COVID-19 patients in relation to a healthy control group. : The study consisted of forty COVID-19 patients and twenty-four healthy patients in the control group. Two serum samples were collected: upon admission and on the seventh day of hospitalization. Concentrations of visfatin and leptin in the serum, alongside routine biochemical parameters, were measured using enzyme immunoassay or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess normality. Differences between independent groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA. Correlations were evaluated with Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. : Our findings revealed significantly lower visfatin levels in COVID-19 patients compared to the control group upon admission (4.29 ng/mL, (3.0-6.88 ng/mL) vs. 37.16 ng/mL (24.74-50.12 ng/mL), < 0.001 for visfatin 1 and 52.05 ng/mL, (31.2-69.66 ng/mL) vs. 37.16 ng/mL (24.74-50.12 ng/mL), = 0.048 for visfatin 2). The visfatin level of COVID-19 patients returned to the normal levels, established in the control group. However, there was no significant difference in leptin levels between the two groups ( = 0.270 for leptin 1 and = 0.129 for leptin 2). There was a positive correlation between BMI and leptin concentration (r = 0.66 and = 0.00). Moreover, it was discovered that COVID-19 independently reduces visfatin levels during the first day of illness. : The results of our research suggest that the onset of COVID-19 infection is correlated to visfatin levels. Association with leptin levels remains inconclusive. Further research is imperative to elucidate the intricate role of visfatin and leptin in SARS-CoV-2 infection and their potential as biomarkers for COVID-19 severity and prognosis.
新冠疫情带来了重大的全球健康挑战。尽管进行了广泛的研究，但由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引发的炎症反应仍有待进一步探索和了解。我们的研究旨在检测新冠患者血清中促炎脂肪因子内脂素和瘦素的浓度变化，并与健康对照组进行比较。
该研究包括40名新冠患者和24名健康对照组患者。采集了两份血清样本：入院时和住院第7天。使用酶免疫测定法或酶联免疫吸附测定试剂盒测量血清中内脂素和瘦素的浓度以及常规生化参数。采用夏皮罗-威尔克检验评估正态性。使用曼-惠特尼U检验和克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯方差分析比较独立组之间的差异。用斯皮尔曼等级相关系数评估相关性。
我们的研究结果显示，新冠患者入院时的内脂素水平显著低于对照组（内脂素1为4.29纳克/毫升，（3.0 - 6.88纳克/毫升），而对照组为37.16纳克/毫升（24.74 - 50.12纳克/毫升），内脂素1的P<0.001；内脂素2为52.05纳克/毫升，（31.2 - 69.66纳克/毫升），而对照组为37.16纳克/毫升（24.74 - 50.12纳克/毫升），内脂素2的P = 0.048）。新冠患者的内脂素水平恢复到了对照组确定的正常水平。然而，两组之间的瘦素水平没有显著差异（瘦素1的P = 0.270，瘦素2的P = 0.129）。体重指数（BMI）与瘦素浓度之间存在正相关（r = 0.66，P = 0.00）。此外，研究发现新冠在发病第一天会独立降低内脂素水平。
我们的研究结果表明，新冠感染的发病与内脂素水平相关。与瘦素水平的关联仍不明确。必须进一步开展研究，以阐明内脂素和瘦素在SARS-CoV-2感染中的复杂作用及其作为新冠严重程度和预后生物标志物的潜力。
