Oliva Gianmaria, Vigliotta Giovanni, Di Stasio Luca, Vasca Ermanno, Castiglione Stefano
Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
Microorganisms. 2024 Jul 26;12(8):1531. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12081531.
Rare Earth Elements (REE), also known as Lanthanides (Ln), are a group of 17 elements showing peculiar physical and chemical properties. Unlike technological applications, very little is known about the physiological role and toxicity of Ln on biological systems, in particular on microorganisms (e.g., bacteria), which represent the most abundant domains on our planet. Up to now, very limited studies have been conducted due to Ln precipitation with some anions commonly present in the culture media. Therefore, the development of a minimal medium is essential to allow the study of Ln-microbial interactions, limiting considerably the precipitation of insoluble salts. In this regard, a new minimal culture medium capable of solubilizing large amounts of Ln and allowing the growth of different microbial taxa was successfully developed. Assays have shown that the medium is capable of solubilizing Ln up to 100 times more than other common culture media and allowing the growth of 63 bacteria and 5 fungi. The kinetic growth of one yeast and one Gram-positive bacterium has been defined, proving to support superior growth and biomass compared to other commonly used minimal media. Moreover, the sensitivity and uptake/absorption of a strain were tested, highlighting its capability to tolerate concentrations up to 10 mM of either Cerium, Gadolinium or Lanthanum and accumulate different quantities of the three.
稀土元素（REE），也被称为镧系元素（Ln），是一组具有独特物理和化学性质的17种元素。与技术应用不同，人们对Ln在生物系统，特别是在微生物（如细菌）上的生理作用和毒性了解甚少，而微生物是地球上最丰富的生物类群。到目前为止，由于Ln会与培养基中常见的一些阴离子发生沉淀，相关研究非常有限。因此，开发一种基本培养基对于研究Ln与微生物的相互作用至关重要，这可以大大减少不溶性盐的沉淀。在这方面，一种能够溶解大量Ln并允许不同微生物类群生长的新型基本培养基被成功开发出来。实验表明，该培养基溶解Ln的能力比其他常见培养基高出100倍，能够支持63种细菌和5种真菌生长。已确定了一种酵母和一种革兰氏阳性细菌的动力学生长情况，证明与其他常用基本培养基相比，它能支持更好的生长和生物量积累。此外，还测试了一个菌株的敏感性以及摄取/吸收情况，突出了其耐受高达10 mM铈、钆或镧浓度并积累不同量这三种元素的能力。
