Firoozbahr Meysam, Palombo Enzo A, Kingshott Peter, Zaferanloo Bita
Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia.
ARC Training Center for Biofilm Research and Innovation, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia.
Microorganisms. 2024 Aug 19;12(8):1710. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12081710.
The wound management field faces significant challenges due to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and the complexity of chronic wound care. Effective wound treatment requires antimicrobial dressings to prevent bacterial infections. However, the rise of AMR necessitates new antimicrobial agents for wound dressings, particularly for addressing bacterial pathogens like methicillin-resistant (MRSA). Endophytic fungi, known for producing diverse bioactive compounds, represent a promising source of such new agents. This study tested thirty-two endophytic fungi from thirteen distinct Australian native plants for their antibacterial activity against . Ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts from fungal culture filtrates exhibited inhibitory effects against both methicillin-sensitive ATCC 25923 (MIC = 78.1 µg/mL) and MRSA M180920 (MIC = 78.1 µg/mL). DNA sequence analysis was employed for fungal identification. The most active sample, EL 19 (), was selected for further analysis, revealing that its EtOAc extracts reduced ATCC 25923 biofilm formation by 55% and cell viability by 57% to 68% at 12 × MIC. Furthermore, cytotoxicity studies using the brine shrimp lethality test demonstrated low cytotoxicity up to 6 × MIC (25% mortality rate) with an LC50 value of 639.1 µg/mL. Finally, the most active sample was incorporated into polycaprolactone (PCL) fiber mats via electrospinning, with resultant inhibition of species. This research underscores the potential of endophytic fungi from Australian plants as sources of substances effective against common wound pathogens. Further exploration of the responsible compounds and their mechanisms could facilitate the development of wound dressings effective against MRSA and innovative biofilm-resistant electrospun fibers, contributing to the global efforts to combat AMR.
由于抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）以及慢性伤口护理的复杂性，伤口管理领域面临着重大挑战。有效的伤口治疗需要抗菌敷料来预防细菌感染。然而，AMR的出现使得用于伤口敷料的新型抗菌剂成为必要，特别是用于应对耐甲氧西林（MRSA）等细菌病原体。以产生多种生物活性化合物而闻名的内生真菌是这类新型抗菌剂的一个有前景的来源。本研究测试了来自13种不同澳大利亚本土植物的32种内生真菌对……的抗菌活性。真菌培养滤液的乙酸乙酯（EtOAc）提取物对甲氧西林敏感的ATCC 25923（MIC = 78.1 µg/mL）和MRSA M180920（MIC = 78.1 µg/mL）均表现出抑制作用。采用DNA序列分析进行真菌鉴定。选择活性最强的样品EL 19（）进行进一步分析，结果表明其EtOAc提取物在12×MIC时可使ATCC 25923生物膜形成减少55%，细胞活力降低57%至68%。此外，使用卤虫致死试验进行的细胞毒性研究表明，在高达6×MIC（死亡率25%）时细胞毒性较低，LC50值为639.1 µg/mL。最后，通过静电纺丝将活性最强的样品掺入聚己内酯（PCL）纤维垫中，从而抑制……菌种。这项研究强调了澳大利亚植物内生真菌作为对抗常见伤口病原体的有效物质来源的潜力。对相关化合物及其作用机制的进一步探索可能有助于开发针对MRSA的有效伤口敷料和创新的抗生物膜静电纺丝纤维，为全球抗击AMR的努力做出贡献。
