Gladkov Grigory V, Kimeklis Anastasiia K, Orlova Olga V, Lisina Tatiana O, Kichko Arina A, Bezlepsky Alexander D, Andronov Evgeny E
All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Microbiology, Podbel'skogo Highway 3, 196608 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Microorganisms. 2024 Aug 21;12(8):1728. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12081728.
The search for active cellulolytic consortia among soil microorganisms is of significant applied interest, but the dynamics of the formation of such communities remain insufficiently studied. To gain insight into the formation of an active cellulolytic community, the experiment was designed to examine the colonization of a sterile substrate (cellulose) by microorganisms from two soil types: sod-podzolic and chernozem. To achieve this, the substrate was placed in the soil and incubated for six months. To assess microbiome dynamics, the experiment employed sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragment and ITS2 amplicon libraries at four time points. It was demonstrated that, from the second month of the experiment, the prokaryotic component of the communities reached a state of stability, with a community composition specific to each soil type. The results demonstrated no relationship between changes in community diversity and soil respiration. There also was no significant shift in the community diversity throughout the chronosequence. Furthermore, the taxonomic composition of the community shifted towards a decrease in the proportion of Pseudomonadota and an increase in representatives of the Bacteroidota, Bacillota, and Verrucomicrobiota phyla. The network analysis of the community demonstrated that, in contrast to sod-podzolic soil, chernozem is distinguished by a higher modularity, with the formation of taxon-specific groups of microorganisms at each stage of the chronoseries. These differences are attributed to the alterations in the eukaryotic component of the community, particularly in the prevalence of nematodes and predatory fungi, which in turn influenced the cellulolytic community.
在土壤微生物中寻找活跃的纤维素分解菌群具有重要的应用价值，但此类群落的形成动态仍未得到充分研究。为深入了解活跃纤维素分解群落的形成，设计了一项实验，以研究来自两种土壤类型（灰化土和黑钙土）的微生物在无菌底物（纤维素）上的定殖情况。为此，将底物置于土壤中并培养六个月。为评估微生物群落动态，该实验在四个时间点对16S rRNA基因片段和ITS2扩增子文库进行了测序。结果表明，从实验的第二个月起，群落的原核生物组分达到稳定状态，且每种土壤类型都有其特定的群落组成。结果表明群落多样性的变化与土壤呼吸之间没有关系。在整个时间序列中，群落多样性也没有显著变化。此外，群落的分类组成发生了变化，假单胞菌门的比例下降，拟杆菌门、芽孢杆菌门和疣微菌门的代表比例增加。群落的网络分析表明，与灰化土不同，黑钙土具有更高的模块性，在时间序列的每个阶段都形成了特定分类群的微生物组。这些差异归因于群落真核生物组分的变化，特别是线虫和捕食性真菌的流行情况，这反过来又影响了纤维素分解群落。
