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地中海饮食在爱尔兰老年人中的流行情况、模式、预测因素及相关性。

Mediterranean Diet in Older Irish Adults: Prevalence, Patterns, Predictors and Pertinence.

机构信息

Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.

Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.

出版信息

Nutrients. 2024 Aug 8;16(16):2615. doi: 10.3390/nu16162615.


DOI:10.3390/nu16162615
PMID:39203752
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11357667/
Abstract

The Mediterranean diet (MD) shows the strongest evidence in support of healthy aging and prevention of age-related diseases. It is associated with a decreased risk of chronic disease, such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and cognitive disease. Given the health-promoting aspects of this diet, we conducted a secondary analysis of data from the LifeAge study ("Promoting the shift: sedentary Lifestyle towards active Ageing-LifeAge" Project No 603121-EPP-1-2018-1-ES-SPO-SCP) with the primary aim to determine the proportion of older Irish adults adhering to the MD and to examine the association between adherence to the MD (assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) scoring tool) and anthropometric risk factors of non-communicable diseases. Of the 131 eligible participants (71.8% female, n = 94) (medically well, aged > 50 years and physically independent) (mean age = 66.2 ± 6.5 years), the mean cumulative MD score across the cohort was 5.8 ± 2.2, with 41% classified as moderate-to-high MD adherers (scoring > 7 MEDAS). Females had a significantly higher score compared to males (female 6.24 ± 1.98; male 4.86 ± 2.53; = 0.002). Age (y), waist circumference (cm) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) each had a significant ( < 0.05) weak and negative correlation with MD score (r = -0.193, -0.240, -0.284, respectively). Visceral fat level had a significant ( < 0.05) moderate and negative correlation with MD score (r = -0.327). This analysis is the first to assess adherence to the MD in older Irish adults. MD adherence was lower in the Irish older cohort than that reported in older adults in Mediterranean regions and was adhered to more by females and those with a more favourable anthropometric profile. The health-promoting aspects of the diet are evident in non-Mediterranean regions as is demonstrated by the lesser incidence of some non-communicable diseases in moderate-to-high adherers. With the evidence of the protective effects of the MD, external to Mediterranean regions, it would be helpful to establish limitations to adherence, especially in aging populations living in non-Mediterranean regions.

摘要

地中海饮食(Mediterranean diet,MD)在支持健康老龄化和预防与年龄相关的疾病方面提供了最有力的证据。它与降低慢性病风险相关,如心血管疾病、肥胖、高血压、糖尿病和认知疾病。鉴于这种饮食的促进健康的方面,我们对 LifeAge 研究的数据进行了二次分析(“促进转变:久坐生活方式向积极老龄化-LifeAge”项目号 603121-EPP-1-2018-1-ES-SCP),主要目的是确定爱尔兰老年成年人中遵循 MD 的比例,并研究遵循 MD(使用地中海饮食依从性筛查器(Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener,MEDAS)评分工具评估)与非传染性疾病的人体测量风险因素之间的关系。在 131 名符合条件的参与者中(71.8%为女性,n=94)(身体健康,年龄>50 岁,身体独立)(平均年龄=66.2±6.5 岁),整个队列的平均 MD 评分累积值为 5.8±2.2,41%被归类为中高度 MD 依从者(MEDAS 评分>7)。女性的得分明显高于男性(女性 6.24±1.98;男性 4.86±2.53;=0.002)。年龄(y)、腰围(cm)和腰臀比(waist-hip ratio,WHR)与 MD 评分均呈显著(<0.05)弱负相关(r=-0.193、-0.240、-0.284)。内脏脂肪水平与 MD 评分呈显著(<0.05)中度负相关(r=-0.327)。这项分析是首次评估爱尔兰老年成年人对 MD 的依从性。与地中海地区的老年成年人相比,爱尔兰老年队列的 MD 依从性较低,而且女性和人体测量学特征更有利的人更倾向于遵守 MD。饮食的促进健康方面在非地中海地区也是显而易见的,这体现在中高度依从者中一些非传染性疾病的发病率较低。由于 MD 的保护作用在其起源地以外的地区得到了证实,因此确定在非地中海地区生活的老龄化人群的 MD 依从性的限制因素将很有帮助。

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本文引用的文献

[1]
Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between adherence to Mediterranean diet with physical performance and cognitive function in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Ageing Res Rev. 2021-9

[2]
Anthropometric Variables as Mediators of the Association of Changes in Diet and Physical Activity With Inflammatory Profile.

J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2021-10-13

[3]
Dietary patterns and intrinsic capacity among community-dwelling older adults: a 3-year prospective cohort study.

Eur J Nutr. 2021-9

[4]
Sarcopenia, Diet, Physical Activity and Obesity in European Middle-Aged and Older Adults: The LifeAge Study.

Nutrients. 2020-12-22

[5]
The Mediterranean Dietary Pattern and Inflammation in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Adv Nutr. 2021-3-31

[6]
Exploring the Validity of the 14-Item Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS): A Cross-National Study in Seven European Countries around the Mediterranean Region.

Nutrients. 2020-9-27

[7]
Mediterranean Diet and Telomere Length: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Adv Nutr. 2020-11-16

[8]
Insights on Mediterranean Diet from the SUN Cohort: Cardiovascular and Cognitive Health.

Nutrients. 2020-5-8

[9]
Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Chronic Disease in Australia: National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey Analysis.

Nutrients. 2020-4-28

[10]
Development and Validation of a Questionnaire to Measure Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Korean Adults.

Nutrients. 2020-4-16

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