Hu Lu, Jiang Jiacheng, Chen Zhu, Chen Sixuan, Jin Xinyu, Gao Yingman, Wang Li, Wang Lidan
School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
Centre for Health Policy Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Aug 9;12(8):905. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12080905.
Despite being primary beneficiaries of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines, female university students in China exhibit low vaccination rates. This study aimed to assess their preferences for HPV vaccination services and evaluate the relative importance of various factors to inform vaccination strategy development.
Through a literature review and expert consultations, we identified five key attributes for study: effectiveness, protection duration, waiting time, distance, and out-of-pocket (OOP) payment. A D-efficient design was used to create a discrete choice experiment (DCE) questionnaire. We collected data via face-to-face interviews and online surveys from female students across seven universities in China, employing mixed logit and latent class logit models to analyze the data. The predicted uptake and compensating variation (CV) were used to compare different vaccination service scenarios.
From 1178 valid questionnaires, with an effective response rate of 92.9%, we found that effectiveness was the most significant factor influencing vaccination preference, followed by protection duration, OOP payment and waiting time, with less concern for distance. The preferred services included a 90% effective vaccine, lifetime protection, a waiting time of less than three months, a travel time of more than 60 min, and low OOP payment. Significant variability in preferences across different vaccination service scenarios was observed, affecting potential market shares. The CV analysis showed female students were willing to spend approximately CNY 5612.79 to include a hypothetical 'Service 5' (a vaccine with higher valency than the nine-valent HPV vaccine) in their prevention options.
The findings underscore the need for personalized, need-based HPV vaccination services that cater specifically to the preferences of female university students to increase vaccination uptake and protect their health.
尽管中国女大学生是人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗的主要受益人群，但她们的疫苗接种率较低。本研究旨在评估她们对HPV疫苗接种服务的偏好，并评估各种因素的相对重要性，以为疫苗接种策略的制定提供参考。
通过文献综述和专家咨询，我们确定了用于研究的五个关键属性：有效性、保护期限、等待时间、距离和自付费用。采用D-最优设计创建离散选择实验（DCE）问卷。我们通过面对面访谈和在线调查收集了中国七所大学女生的数据，采用混合逻辑回归和潜在类别逻辑回归模型分析数据。预测的接种率和补偿变异（CV）用于比较不同的疫苗接种服务场景。
从1178份有效问卷中，有效回复率为92.9%，我们发现有效性是影响疫苗接种偏好的最重要因素，其次是保护期限、自付费用和等待时间，对距离的关注度较低。首选服务包括90%有效的疫苗、终身保护、等待时间少于三个月、出行时间超过60分钟以及低自付费用。观察到不同疫苗接种服务场景下的偏好存在显著差异，这影响了潜在的市场份额。CV分析表明，女大学生愿意花费约5612.79元，将一种假设的“服务5”（一种价数高于九价HPV疫苗的疫苗）纳入其预防选择中。
研究结果强调需要提供个性化的、基于需求的HPV疫苗接种服务，专门迎合女大学生的偏好，以提高疫苗接种率并保护她们的健康。
