Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Medicine and Public Health, 12501Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
School of Nursing, 74496Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China.
Cancer Control. 2021 Jan-Dec;28:10732748211032899. doi: 10.1177/10732748211032899.
This study aimed to assess the awareness and attitudes toward human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among female college freshmen and explore their willingness and associated factors to receive the HPV vaccine based on the information-motivation-behavior skills (IMB) model.
From February 21 to April 30, 2020, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among female freshmen in seven colleges in mainland China. Socio-demographic characteristics, health-related awareness, knowledge of HPV, motivation, and behavioral skills toward HPV vaccination were assessed using questionnaires. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the influencing factors of willingness to receive the HPV vaccine in the next 6 months.
Among the 3867 students invited to participate in this study, 102 (2.64%) reported having taken the HPV vaccine. Among the unvaccinated participants, 59.89% had previously heard of HPV, and 32.08% were willing to take the HPV vaccine in the next 6 months. Willingness to get the HPV vaccine was associated with sexual experience(s) (AOR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.25-3.08), family or friends with cancer (AOR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.04-1.48), having heard of HPV (AOR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.03-1.47), and having actively searched for or having consulted on issues concerning HPV vaccine (AOR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.02-1.45). In the dimensions of the IMB model, "perceived susceptibility" (AOR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.09-1.31), "perceived severity" (AOR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.11-1.39), "subjective norms" (AOR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.75-2.49), and "self-efficacy" (AOR: 2.95, 95% CI: 2.44-3.58) were positively associated with HPV vaccination acceptance, while "perceived barriers" (AOR = .60, 95% CI: .52-.69) negatively affected intention to get HPV vaccination.
HPV vaccination rates and willingness to receive the HPV vaccine in the next 6 months were found to be poor among female college freshmen in mainland China. Having a positive attitude toward HPV vaccination, creating vaccine-friendly social norms, and removing related barriers are important measures to promote HPV immunization.
本研究旨在评估中国大陆女大学生对人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗的认知和态度，并基于信息-动机-行为技巧（IMB）模型，探讨她们在接种 HPV 疫苗方面的意愿及其相关因素。
2020 年 2 月 21 日至 4 月 30 日，对中国大陆 7 所高校的 3867 名女大学生进行了横断面调查。采用问卷评估了社会人口统计学特征、与健康相关的认知、HPV 知识、接种 HPV 疫苗的动机和行为技能。采用单因素和多因素 logistic 回归分析确定未来 6 个月接种 HPV 疫苗意愿的影响因素。
在受邀参加本研究的 3867 名学生中，有 102 名（2.64%）报告曾接种过 HPV 疫苗。在未接种疫苗的参与者中，59.89%曾听说过 HPV，32.08%愿意在未来 6 个月接种 HPV 疫苗。接种 HPV 疫苗的意愿与性经历（AOR=1.96，95%CI：1.25-3.08）、有癌症家族史或朋友（AOR=1.24，95%CI：1.04-1.48）、听说过 HPV（AOR=1.23，95%CI：1.03-1.47）和主动搜索或咨询 HPV 疫苗问题（AOR=1.22，95%CI：1.02-1.45）有关。在 IMB 模型的维度中，“感知易感性”（AOR=1.20，95%CI：1.09-1.31）、“感知严重性”（AOR=1.24，95%CI：1.11-1.39）、“主观规范”（AOR=2.09，95%CI：1.75-2.49）和“自我效能”（AOR=2.95，95%CI：2.44-3.58）与 HPV 疫苗接种的接受度呈正相关，而“感知障碍”（AOR=0.60，95%CI：0.52-0.69）则对未来 6 个月接种 HPV 疫苗的意愿产生负面影响。
中国大陆女大学生 HPV 疫苗接种率和未来 6 个月接种意愿均较低。对 HPV 疫苗接种持积极态度、营造有利于疫苗接种的社会规范、消除相关障碍是促进 HPV 免疫接种的重要措施。
