Liang Junze, Liao Yanxia, Tu Zhiwei, Liu Jinping
State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Aug 21;12(8):930. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12080930.
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment paradigm for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its efficacy varies significantly with each patient's genetic composition and the complex interactions with their microbiome, both of which are pivotal in shaping anti-tumor immunity. The emergence of microbial neoantigens, a novel class of tumor vaccines, heralds a transformative shift in HCC therapy. This review explores the untapped potential of microbial neoantigens as innovative tumor vaccines, poised to redefine current HCC treatment modalities. For instance, neoantigens derived from the microbiome have demonstrated the capacity to enhance anti-tumor immunity in colorectal cancer, suggesting similar applications in HCC. By harnessing these unique neoantigens, we propose a framework for a personalized immunotherapeutic response, aiming to deliver a more precise and potent treatment strategy for HCC. Leveraging these neoantigens could significantly advance personalized medicine, potentially revolutionizing patient outcomes in HCC therapy.
免疫疗法彻底改变了肝细胞癌（HCC）的治疗模式。然而，其疗效因每位患者的基因组成以及与微生物群的复杂相互作用而有显著差异，这两者在塑造抗肿瘤免疫方面都起着关键作用。微生物新抗原作为一类新型肿瘤疫苗的出现，预示着HCC治疗将发生变革性转变。本综述探讨了微生物新抗原作为创新型肿瘤疫苗的未开发潜力，有望重新定义当前的HCC治疗方式。例如，源自微生物群的新抗原已证明能够增强结直肠癌的抗肿瘤免疫力，这表明在HCC中也有类似的应用。通过利用这些独特的新抗原，我们提出了一个个性化免疫治疗反应的框架，旨在为HCC提供更精确、有效的治疗策略。利用这些新抗原可显著推动个性化医疗的发展，有可能彻底改变HCC治疗的患者预后。
