Zhang Xiao Zhan, Wong Phyllis Hio Hong, Lai Kai Seng, Yang Bo, Song Menghuan, Li Junjun, Ung Carolina Oi Lam
Respiratory Medicine Department, Kiang Wu Hospital, Macao, China.
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Aug 21;12(8):933. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12080933.
Monitoring the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination is critical for understanding if the vaccinated population, especially the elderly, is adequately protected from the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants. This study aimed to investigate the effects of COVID-19 vaccination on the severity of symptoms and mortality in hospitalized geriatric patients during the Omicron BF.7 surge in Macao. Data from electronic health records and vaccination registry of inpatients aged 60 years or above admitted to Kiang Wu Hospital from 12 December 2022 to 12 March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The study involved 848 people, including 426 vaccinated and 422 unvaccinated individuals. The mean CXR scores (8.95 ± 9.49 vs. 11.41 ± 10.81, < 0.001) and the mean MEWS scores (0.96 ± 2.01 vs. 1.49 ± 2.45, < 0.001) were lower in the vaccinated group. By comparing the dose counts, no significant difference was seen in the odds of death. Based on the time of the last vaccination, 128 people were categorized as complete and 298 as incomplete vaccination. The complete vaccination group showed a 54% (95% CI 0.23-0.91) reduction in mortality risk ( = 0.026). The study findings not only reconfirm the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination but, more importantly, highlight the importance of vaccination timing to maximize vaccines' protective effect.
监测新冠疫苗接种的有效性对于了解接种人群，尤其是老年人，是否得到充分保护以抵御新出现的新冠病毒变异株至关重要。本研究旨在调查在澳门奥密克戎BF.7毒株激增期间，新冠疫苗接种对住院老年患者症状严重程度和死亡率的影响。对2022年12月12日至2023年3月12日期间入住镜湖医院的60岁及以上住院患者的电子健康记录和疫苗接种登记数据进行了回顾性分析。该研究涉及848人，包括426名接种疫苗者和422名未接种疫苗者。接种疫苗组的平均胸部X光评分（8.95±9.49对11.41±10.81，<0.001）和平均改良早期预警评分（0.96±2.01对1.49±2.45，<0.001）较低。通过比较接种剂量，在死亡几率方面未发现显著差异。根据最后一次接种时间，128人被归类为完全接种，298人被归类为未完全接种。完全接种组的死亡风险降低了54%（95%可信区间0.23 - 0.91）（P = 0.026）。研究结果不仅再次证实了新冠疫苗接种的有效性，更重要的是，突出了接种时间对于最大化疫苗保护效果的重要性。
