Calvi Gabriela de Souza, Cartaxo Giulia Nicolle Jácome, Carretoni Qiuxin Lin, da Silva André Luiz Missio, de Moraes Denilson Nogueira, Pradella José Geraldo da Cruz, Costa Maricilia Silva
Instituto de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento-IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba-UNIVAP, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, São José dos Campos 12244-390, SP, Brazil.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024 Aug 16;17(8):1078. doi: 10.3390/ph17081078.
Although is the most frequently identified species in clinical settings, a significant number of infections related to the non- (NAC) species, , has been reported. Both species are able to produce biofilms and have been an important resistance-related factor to antimicrobial resistance. In addition, the microbial relationship is common in the human body, contributing to the formation of polymicrobial biofilms. Considering the great number of reports showing the increase in cases of resistance to the available antifungal drugs, the development of new and effective antifungal agents is critical. The inhibitory effect of Organoselenium Compounds (OCs) on the development of and was recently demonstrated, supporting the potential of these compounds as efficient antifungal drugs. In addition, OCs were able to reduce the viability and the development of biofilms, a very important step in colonization and infection caused by fungi. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the Organoselenium Compounds (-MeOPhSe), (PhSe) and (-Cl-PhSe) on the development of dual-species biofilms of and produced using either RPMI-1640 or Sabouraud Dextrose Broth (SDB) media. The development of dual-species biofilms was evaluated by the determination of both metabolic activity, using a metabolic assay based on the reduction of XTT (2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide sodium salt) assay and identification of either and on CHROMagar Candida medium. Biofilm formation using RPMI-1640 was inhibited in 90, 55, and 20% by 30 µM (-MeOPhSe), (PhSe) and (-Cl-PhSe), respectively. However, biofilms produced using SDB presented an inhibition of 62, 30 and 15% in the presence of 30 µM (-MeOPhSe), (PhSe) and (-Cl-PhSe), respectively. The metabolic activity of 24 h biofilms was inhibited by 35, 30 and 20% by 30 µM (-MeOPhSe), (PhSe) and (-Cl-PhSe), respectively, with RPMI-1640; however, 24 h biofilms formed using SDB were not modified by the OCs. In addition, a great reduction in the number of CFUs of (93%) in biofilms produced using RPMI-1640 in the presence of 30 µM (-MeOPhSe) was observed. However, biofilms formed using SDB and treated with 30 µM (-MeOPhSe) presented a reduction of 97 and 69% in the number of CFUs of and , respectively. These results demonstrated that Organoselenium Compounds, mainly (-MeOPhSe) are able to decrease the metabolic activity of dual-species biofilms by reducing both and cell number during biofilm formation using either RPMI-1640 or SDB. Taken together, these results demonstrated the potential of the OCs to inhibit the development of dual-species biofilms of and .
尽管在临床环境中是最常鉴定出的菌种，但已报告了大量与非白色念珠菌（NAC）菌种相关的感染病例。这两种菌种都能够产生生物膜，并且一直是与抗菌药物耐药性相关的重要因素。此外，微生物共生关系在人体中很常见，有助于形成多菌种生物膜。鉴于大量报告显示对现有抗真菌药物耐药的病例有所增加，开发新型有效的抗真菌药物至关重要。最近已证明有机硒化合物（OCs）对白色念珠菌和热带念珠菌的生长具有抑制作用，这支持了这些化合物作为高效抗真菌药物的潜力。此外，OCs能够降低生物膜的活力和生长，这是真菌定植和感染过程中非常重要的一步。因此，本研究的目的是研究有机硒化合物（-MeOPhSe）、（PhSe）和（-Cl-PhSe）对使用RPMI-1640或沙氏葡萄糖肉汤（SDB）培养基产生的白色念珠菌和热带念珠菌双菌种生物膜生长的影响。通过基于XTT（2,3-双（2-甲氧基-4-硝基-5-磺基苯基）-2H-四唑-5-羧苯胺钠盐）还原的代谢测定法测定代谢活性以及在CHROMagar念珠菌培养基上鉴定白色念珠菌和热带念珠菌来评估双菌种生物膜的生长。使用RPMI-1640形成的生物膜在30 μM（-MeOPhSe）、（PhSe）和（-Cl-PhSe）存在下分别被抑制了90%、55%和20%。然而，使用SDB产生的生物膜在30 μM（-MeOPhSe）、（PhSe）和（-Cl-PhSe）存在下分别被抑制了62%、30%和15%。使用RPMI-1640时，30 μM（-MeOPhSe）、（PhSe）和（-Cl-PhSe）分别使24小时生物膜的代谢活性抑制了35%、30%和20%；然而，使用SDB形成的24小时生物膜未被OCs改变。此外，在30 μM（-MeOPhSe）存在下，使用RPMI-1640产生的生物膜中热带念珠菌的CFU数量大幅减少（93%）。然而，使用SDB形成并经30 μM（-MeOPhSe）处理的生物膜中白色念珠菌和热带念珠菌的CFU数量分别减少了97%和69%。这些结果表明，有机硒化合物，主要是（-MeOPhSe），能够通过在使用RPMI-1640或SDB形成生物膜的过程中减少白色念珠菌和热带念珠菌的细胞数量来降低双菌种生物膜的代谢活性。综上所述，这些结果证明了OCs抑制白色念珠菌和热带念珠菌双菌种生物膜生长的潜力。
