Amin Muhammad Faisal, Anwar Amna, Gnida Paweł, Jarząbek Bożena
Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland.
Joint Doctoral School, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2a, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
Polymers (Basel). 2024 Aug 15;16(16):2309. doi: 10.3390/polym16162309.
Potential photovoltaic technology includes the newly developed dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells. Owing to their diverse qualities, polymers can be employed in third-generation photovoltaic cells to specifically alter their device elements and frameworks. Polymers containing phenothiazine, either as a part of their structure or as a dopant, are easy and economical to synthesize, are soluble in common organic solvents, and have the potential to acquire desired electrochemical and photophysical properties by mere tuning of their chemical structures. Such polymers have therefore been used either as photosensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells, where they have produced power conversion efficiency (PCE) values as high as 5.30%, or as donor or acceptor materials in bulk heterojunction solar cells. Furthermore, they have been employed to prepare liquid-free polymer electrolytes for dye-sensitized and bulk heterojunction solar cells, producing a PCE of 8.5% in the case of DSSCs. This paper reviews and analyzes almost all research works published to date on phenothiazine-based polymers and their uses in dye-sensitized and bulk heterojunction solar cells. The impacts of their structure and molecular weight and the amount when used as a dopant in other polymers on the absorption, photoluminescence, energy levels of frontier orbitals, and, finally, photovoltaic parameters are reviewed. The advantages of phenothiazine polymers for solar cells, the difficulties in their actual implementation and potential remedies are also evaluated.
潜在的光伏技术包括新开发的染料敏化太阳能电池（DSSC）和本体异质结（BHJ）太阳能电池。由于聚合物具有多种特性，因此可用于第三代光伏电池，以特别改变其器件元件和结构。含有吩噻嗪的聚合物，无论是作为其结构的一部分还是作为掺杂剂，合成起来都简便且经济，可溶于常见的有机溶剂，并且仅通过调整其化学结构就有可能获得所需的电化学和光物理性质。因此，此类聚合物要么用作染料敏化太阳能电池中的光敏剂，其产生的功率转换效率（PCE）高达5.30%，要么用作本体异质结太阳能电池中的供体或受体材料。此外，它们还被用于制备用于染料敏化和本体异质结太阳能电池的无液体聚合物电解质，在染料敏化太阳能电池的情况下产生了8.5%的功率转换效率。本文回顾并分析了迄今为止发表的几乎所有关于基于吩噻嗪的聚合物及其在染料敏化和本体异质结太阳能电池中的应用的研究工作。综述了它们的结构、分子量以及在其他聚合物中用作掺杂剂时的用量对吸收、光致发光、前沿轨道能级以及最终光伏参数的影响。还评估了吩噻嗪聚合物用于太阳能电池的优点、实际应用中的困难以及潜在的补救措施。
