Posgrado en Fitosanidad-Fitopatología, Colegio de Postgraduados, Texcoco C.P. 56264, Estado de México, Mexico.
Posgrado en Fitosanidad-Entomología y Acarología, Colegio de Postgraduados, Texcoco C.P. 56264, Estado de México, Mexico.
Viruses. 2024 Jul 23;16(8):1177. doi: 10.3390/v16081177.
In the main cactus pear ()-producing region in the State of Mexico, fruit production occupies the largest cultivated area with 15,800 ha, while 900 ha are cultivated for edible young pads ("nopalitos") which are consumed as vegetables. Two composite samples consisting of cladodes of plants for fruit production ( = 6) and another of "nopalitos" ( = 6) showing virus-like symptoms were collected. Both sample sets were subjected to high-throughput sequencing (HTS) to identify the viruses and viroids. The HTS results were verified using RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. Subsequently, 86 samples including cladodes from "nopalitos", plants for fruit production, xoconostles, and some wild were analyzed via RT-PCR with specific primers for the viruses and viroids previously detected via HTS. Three viruses were discovered [Opuntia virus 2 (OV2), cactus carlavirus 1 (CCV-1), and Opuntia potexvirus A (OPV-A)], along with a previously reported viroid [Opuntia viroid 1 (OVd-1)]. Additionally, two new viroids were identified, provisionally named the Mexican opuntia viroid (MOVd, genus ) and Opuntia viroid 2 (OVd-2, genus ). A phylogenetic analysis, pairwise identity comparison, and conserved structural elements analysis confirmed the classification of these two viroids as new species within the family. This is the first report of a pospiviroid and two apscaviroids infecting cactus pears in the world. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of the virome associated with cactus pears in Mexico.
在墨西哥州的主要仙人掌梨生产区，水果生产占据了最大的种植面积，达到 15800 公顷，而 900 公顷则用于种植可食用的嫩 （“nopalitos”），作为蔬菜食用。采集了两组由用于水果生产的 （=6）和表现出类似病毒症状的“nopalitos”（=6）组成的复合样本。两组样本均进行高通量测序（HTS）以鉴定病毒和类病毒。使用 RT-PCR 和 Sanger 测序验证 HTS 结果。随后，使用针对通过 HTS 先前检测到的病毒和类病毒的特异性引物，对包括“nopalitos”、用于水果生产的植物、xoconostles 和一些野生 的 86 个样本进行 RT-PCR 分析。发现了三种病毒[仙人掌 2 号病毒（OV2）、仙人掌卡拉病毒 1 号（CCV-1）和仙人掌 Potex 病毒 A（OPV-A）]，以及一种先前报道的类病毒[仙人掌类病毒 1 号（OVd-1）]。此外，还鉴定出两种新的类病毒，暂命名为墨西哥仙人掌类病毒（MOVd，属）和仙人掌类病毒 2 号（OVd-2，属）。系统发育分析、成对同一性比较和保守结构元件分析证实了这两种类病毒作为 家族中的新物种的分类。这是世界上首次报道感染仙人掌梨的 Pospiviroid 和两种 Apscaviroids。总的来说，这项研究增进了我们对墨西哥仙人掌梨相关病毒组的认识。
