Chaudhry Anum, Ikram Khazina, Ayesha Kaneez, Waheed Mehrish, Ulain Noor, Tariq Amna, Khalid Tooba
Faculty of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, PAK.
Faculty of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Islamabad, PAK.
Cureus. 2024 Jul 28;16(7):e65604. doi: 10.7759/cureus.65604. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Menopause signifies the eternal termination of menstruation in women as a consequence of ovarian action loss, typically occurring around the age of 51 years. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among post-menopausal women, which may be due to lower levels of estrogen and lipid profile. The present study was undertaken to evaluate serum estrogen and lipid profile status to assess the risk of atherosclerosis in both pre- and post-menopausal women.
The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between estrogen and lipid levels of women in pre- and post-menopausal stages.
A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at Railway General Hospital Rawalpindi. A total of 100 participants were included of which 50 were pre-menopausal and 50 were post-menopausal women. Laboratory examination and questionnaires from the study population were used for data collection. Through the enzymatic method, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were assessed. Serum very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels were calculated via Friedwald's components VLDL=TG/5.0. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used for estrogen measurement. For statistical analysis, Student's t-test and the Pearson correlation test were used.
Women after menopause have significantly high serum cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, VLDLs, and triglycerides while HDL-c levels were significantly low (<0.001). Levels of estrogen were low in post-menopausal females (<0.001) as compared to menstruating women. Estrogen with HDL concentrations showed a positive correlation with an r value of 0.08556 while LDL levels showed a negative correlation with a r value of -0.26219.
This comparative study explores the relationship between estrogen and lipid levels in pre- and post-menopausal women. Low estrogen with changed lipid variables was observed. Decreased cardiovascular protective HDL-c marks that menopause is a phase that acts as an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis.
绝经标志着女性由于卵巢功能丧失而导致月经永久性终止，通常发生在51岁左右。心血管疾病是绝经后女性的主要死因，这可能归因于雌激素水平降低和血脂状况。本研究旨在评估血清雌激素和血脂状况，以评估绝经前后女性患动脉粥样硬化的风险。
本研究的目的是探讨绝经前后女性雌激素与血脂水平之间的关系。
在拉瓦尔品第铁路总医院进行了一项比较横断面研究。共纳入100名参与者，其中50名是绝经前女性，50名是绝经后女性。通过对研究人群进行实验室检查和问卷调查来收集数据。采用酶法评估血清胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）。血清极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）水平通过Friedwald公式计算：VLDL=TG/5.0。使用酶联免疫吸附测定试剂盒测定雌激素。统计分析采用学生t检验和Pearson相关检验。
绝经后女性的血清胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、VLDL和甘油三酯显著升高，而HDL-c水平显著降低（<0.001）。与月经正常的女性相比，绝经后女性的雌激素水平较低（<0.001）。雌激素与HDL浓度呈正相关，r值为0.08556，而与LDL水平呈负相关，r值为-0.26219。
这项比较研究探讨了绝经前后女性雌激素与血脂水平之间的关系。观察到雌激素水平低且血脂变量发生变化。具有心血管保护作用的HDL-c水平降低表明绝经是动脉粥样硬化的一个独立危险因素阶段。
