Shahbazpour Narges, Hosseini Elahesadat, Behbahan Seyed Ehsan Beladian, Esfarjani Fatemeh, Mortazavian Seyed Amir Mohamad, Abedi Abdol-Samad, Smaoui Slim
Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2025 Feb;22(2):71-85. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2024.0093. Epub 2024 Aug 29.
Brucellosis, a significant zoonotic disease, threatens food safety substantially, particularly in developing nations such as the Middle East. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the prevalence of spp. in Iranian milk and dairy products through a systematic review and meta-analysis. A thorough search of international and domestic databases from January 2008 to October 2023 identified 38 relevant studies encompassing 11,130 samples for meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of spp. in Iranian dairy products was 22% (95% CI: 16-28%). The highest and lowest overall prevalence of spp. in milk were found in raw goat milk 27% (95% CI: 11-42%) and raw camel milk 15% (95% CI: -0.42 to 72%), respectively. The overall prevalence of traditional cheese, ice cream, and cream is estimated to be 9% (95% CI: -16 to 35%), 2% (95% CI: -2.78 to 2.82%), and 9% (95% CI: -0.94 to 1.12%). Geographical disparities were evident, with Zanjan province reporting the highest contamination rate, 53%, while Razavi Khorasan province had the lowest, 1%. However, the prevalence of spp. in Iranian dairy products has fluctuated over time, with a significant association between the study year and sample size. Comprehensive planning, robust policy implementation, and rigorous monitoring are imperative to mitigate and ultimately eliminate contamination in dairy products effectively. Further research is essential to refine prevalence estimates and develop targeted prevention strategies to safeguard public health.
布鲁氏菌病是一种重要的人畜共患病，对食品安全构成重大威胁，尤其是在中东等发展中国家。本研究旨在通过系统评价和荟萃分析全面评估伊朗牛奶和乳制品中布鲁氏菌属的流行情况。对2008年1月至2023年10月的国际和国内数据库进行全面检索，确定了38项相关研究，共11130个样本用于荟萃分析。伊朗乳制品中布鲁氏菌属的总体流行率为22%（95%置信区间：16%-28%）。牛奶中布鲁氏菌属总体流行率最高和最低的分别是生山羊奶，为27%（95%置信区间：11%-42%）和生骆驼奶，为15%（95%置信区间：-0.42%至72%）。传统奶酪、冰淇淋和奶油的总体流行率估计分别为9%（95%置信区间：-16%至35%）、2%（95%置信区间：-2.78%至2.82%）和9%（95%置信区间：-0.94%至1.12%）。地理差异明显，赞詹省报告的污染率最高，为53%，而拉扎维霍拉桑省最低，为1%。然而，伊朗乳制品中布鲁氏菌属的流行率随时间波动，研究年份与样本量之间存在显著关联。必须进行全面规划、有力实施政策并进行严格监测，以有效减轻并最终消除乳制品中的布鲁氏菌污染。进一步的研究对于完善流行率估计和制定有针对性的预防策略以保障公众健康至关重要。
