Addiction Unit, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway.
Center for Innovation to Implementation, Veterans Affairs Health Care System and Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2024 Aug 29;19(8):e0307539. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307539. eCollection 2024.
Quality of life (QoL) assessment is essential in health-related research and clinical settings, offering insights into individuals' well-being and functioning. This study validated the Essential QoL-3 (EQoL-3), an ultra-short scale assessing essential dimensions of QoL, for use in epidemiological research and clinical settings.
Data from a 2021 national survey in Norway (N = 17,487) were used. Three items on the EQoL-3 assess life satisfaction, happiness, and meaningfulness on a 0-10 scale. Discriminant validity was assessed by comparing the EQoL-3 with the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and by examining latent mean differences between individuals with adverse life experiences (ALE+) and those without such experiences (ALE-). Convergent validity was evaluated through latent regression analyses comparing the EQoL-3 with a perceived mastery scale and a mental distress scale.
The discriminant validity of the EQoL-3 was less than optimal when compared with the SWLS. Nonetheless, a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the EQoL-3 score was 1.42 (95% CI = 1.33-1.50, p < 0.001) lower in the ALE+ group compared to the ALE- group, providing support for discriminant validity. Convergent validity was established with a positive association between EQoL-3 and mastery (β = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.70-1.80, p < 0.001) and a negative association between the EQoL-3 and mental distress (β = -2.64, 95% CI = -2.71/-2.59, p < 0.001).
The EQoL-3 is a reliable measure of QoL. Its streamlined nature facilitates quick administration, making it a valuable tool for clinicians and researchers in diverse settings. Its inclusion of the eudaimonic dimension, as well as its exclusion of health items in the measure itself, distinguishes it from traditional HQoL measures, making it suitable for mental health and substance use disorder research.
生活质量（QoL）评估在健康相关研究和临床环境中至关重要，它提供了个体幸福感和功能的深入了解。本研究旨在验证用于流行病学研究和临床环境的超短量表——基本生活质量 3 项量表（EQoL-3），以评估生活质量的基本维度。
该研究使用了 2021 年挪威全国调查的数据（N=17487）。EQoL-3 包含三个项目，用于评估生活满意度、幸福感和有意义感，评分为 0-10 分。通过 EQoL-3 与生活满意度量表（SWLS）的比较以及对经历不良生活事件（ALE+）和无不良生活事件（ALE-）个体之间潜在平均差异的评估，来评估判别有效性。通过潜在回归分析，将 EQoL-3 与感知掌握度量表和心理困扰量表进行比较，以评估其聚合有效性。
与 SWLS 相比，EQoL-3 的判别有效性较低。然而，多组验证性因子分析显示，ALE+组的 EQoL-3 得分比 ALE-组低 1.42（95%CI=1.33-1.50，p<0.001），支持了判别有效性。EQoL-3 与掌握度呈正相关（β=1.75，95%CI=1.70-1.80，p<0.001），与心理困扰呈负相关（β=-2.64，95%CI= -2.71/-2.59，p<0.001），从而建立了聚合有效性。
EQoL-3 是一种可靠的生活质量测量工具。其精简的设计便于快速管理，使其成为临床医生和研究人员在各种环境中的有价值的工具。它包括了幸福论维度，同时在测量中排除了健康项目，这使它有别于传统的 HQoL 测量工具，使其适用于心理健康和物质使用障碍研究。
