King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Berkshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Slough, UK.
HIV Med. 2024 Dec;25(12):1289-1297. doi: 10.1111/hiv.13706. Epub 2024 Aug 29.
Our objective was to describe the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in people of African ancestry with HIV in the UK.
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of CVD risk factors in Black people with HIV aged ≥40 years and estimated the 10-year CVD risk using QRISK®3-2018. Correlations between body mass index (BMI) and CVD risk factors were described using Pearson correlation coefficients, and factors associated with 10-year CVD risk ≥5% were described using logistic regression.
We included 833 Black people with HIV and a median age of 54 years; 54% were female, 50% were living with obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m), 61% had hypertension, and 19% had diabetes mellitus. CVD risk >5% ranged from 2% in female participants aged 40-49 years to 99% in men aged ≥60 years, and use of statins ranged from 7% in those with CVD risk <2.5% to 64% in those with CVD risk ≥20%. BMI was correlated (R 0.1-0.2) with triglycerides and diastolic blood pressure in women and with glycated haemoglobin, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and total:high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio in men. In both female and male participants, older age, blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, and kidney disease were strongly associated with CVD risk ≥5%, whereas obesity, total:HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and smoking status were variably associated with CVD risk ≥5%.
We report a high burden of CVD risk factors, including obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, in people of African ancestry with HIV in the UK. BMI-focused interventions in these populations may improve CVD risk while also addressing other important health issues.
本研究旨在描述英国艾滋病毒感染者中非洲裔人群的心血管疾病（CVD）危险因素流行情况。
我们对≥40 岁的非洲裔艾滋病毒感染者进行 CVD 危险因素的横断面分析，并使用 QRISK®3-2018 估算 10 年 CVD 风险。采用 Pearson 相关系数描述体重指数（BMI）与 CVD 危险因素之间的相关性，采用逻辑回归描述与 10 年 CVD 风险≥5%相关的因素。
我们纳入了 833 名年龄在 40 至 89 岁的非洲裔艾滋病毒感染者，其中 54%为女性，50%患有肥胖症（BMI≥30kg/m），61%患有高血压，19%患有糖尿病。CVD 风险>5%的比例从 40-49 岁女性参与者的 2%到≥60 岁男性的 99%不等，他汀类药物的使用率从 CVD 风险<2.5%的参与者的 7%到 CVD 风险≥20%的参与者的 64%不等。在女性参与者中，BMI 与甘油三酯和舒张压呈正相关（R 值为 0.1-0.2），在男性参与者中，BMI 与糖化血红蛋白、收缩压和舒张压以及总胆固醇：高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇比值呈正相关。在女性和男性参与者中，年龄较大、血压升高、糖尿病和肾脏疾病与 CVD 风险≥5%密切相关，而肥胖、总胆固醇：HDL 胆固醇、甘油三酯和吸烟状况与 CVD 风险≥5%存在差异相关。
本研究报告了英国非洲裔艾滋病毒感染者中 CVD 危险因素负担高，包括肥胖症、高血压和糖尿病。针对这些人群的 BMI 为重点的干预措施可能会改善 CVD 风险，同时也解决其他重要的健康问题。
