School of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China.
Guizhou Institute of Mountain Resources, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550001, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Aug 29;14(1):20117. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-71142-7.
Gibberellin (GA) is an important plant hormone involved in many physiological and developmental processes in plants. However, the physiological mechanism of GA on the regulation yield and grain shell thickness of Tartary buckwheat is still unclear. In this study, the thick-shelled cultivar "Jinqiao 2" and thin-shelled cultivar "Miku 18" were used to study the effects of different concentrations (0, 50, and 100 mg L) of exogenous GA and chlorocholine chloride (CCC, GA synthesis inhibitor) on the cellulose content, amylase, and sucrose synthase (SS) activity in grain shell and the yield of Tartary buckwheat. The application of exogenous GA can improve the cellulose content and the activity of amylase and SS in the grain shell of the two Tartary buckwheat varieties. It can also increase the main stem node number, main stem branch number, grains per plant, and yield. Compared with the control treatment (CK, 0 mg L), the 100 mg/L exogenous GA treatment increased the number of grains per plant, grain weight per plant, 1000-grain weight, and yield of Jinqiao 2 by 20.1%, 41.9%, 13%, and 34.7%, respectively. These items of Miku 18 were increased by 26%, 15.2%, 10.2%, and 23.8%. The application of CCC reduced the activity of amylase and SS and cellulose content in grain shell. In addition, it decreased the main stem node number, main stem branch number, grains per plant, and yield of Tartary buckwheat. In summary, exogenous GA treatment not only improved the yield of Tartary buckwheat but also increased the thickness of grain shell by enhancing the activity of amylase and SS and promoting the synthesis and accumulation of cellulose. The results can provide theoretical references for clarifying the physiological mechanism of the difference in shell thickness between Tartary buckwheat varieties.
赤霉素（GA）是一种重要的植物激素，参与植物的许多生理和发育过程。然而，GA 对苦荞产量和粒壳厚度调节的生理机制仍不清楚。本研究以厚壳品种“金荞 2 号”和薄壳品种“米壳 18 号”为试材，研究了不同浓度（0、50 和 100mg/L）外源 GA 和矮壮素（CCC，GA 合成抑制剂）对苦荞粒壳中纤维素含量、淀粉酶和蔗糖合酶（SS）活性以及苦荞产量的影响。外源 GA 的应用可以提高两种苦荞品种粒壳中的纤维素含量和淀粉酶、SS 活性，增加主茎节数、主茎分枝数、单株粒数和产量。与对照处理（CK，0mg/L）相比，100mg/L 外源 GA 处理分别使金荞 2 号的单株粒数、粒重、千粒重和产量增加 20.1%、41.9%、13%和 34.7%，米壳 18 号的单株粒数、粒重、千粒重和产量分别增加 26%、15.2%、10.2%和 23.8%。CCC 的应用降低了粒壳中淀粉酶和 SS 的活性以及纤维素含量。此外，它降低了苦荞主茎节数、主茎分枝数、单株粒数和产量。综上所述，外源 GA 处理不仅提高了苦荞的产量，而且通过增强淀粉酶和 SS 的活性，促进纤维素的合成和积累，增加了粒壳的厚度。研究结果可为阐明苦荞品种粒壳厚度差异的生理机制提供理论参考。
