Tang Lulu, Tang Jingang, Huang Kaifeng, Huang Xiaoyan
School of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China.
Guizhou Institute of Mountain Resources, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 May 2;15:1385548. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1385548. eCollection 2024.
The application rate of potassium fertilizer is closely related to the yield of crops. Thin-shelled Tartary buckwheat is a new variety of Tartary buckwheat with the advantages of thin shell and easy shelling. However, little is known about application rate of potassium fertilizer on the yield formation of thin-shelled Tartary buckwheat. This study aimed to clarify the effect of potassium fertilizer on the growth and yield of thin-shelled Tartary buckwheat. A field experiment to investigate the characteristics was conducted across two years using thin-shelled Tartary buckwheat (Miku 18) with four potassium fertilizer applications including 0 (no potassium fertilizer, CK), 15 (low-concentration potassium fertilizer, LK), 30 (medium-concentration potassium fertilizer, MK), and 45 kg·ha (high-concentration potassium fertilizer, HK). The maximum and average grain filling rates; starch synthase activity; superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities in leaves; root morphological indices and activities; available nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter content in rhizosphere soil; urease and alkaline phosphatase activities in rhizosphere soil; plant height, main stem node number, main stem branch number, leaf number; grain number per plant, grain weight per plant, and 100-grain weight increased first and then decreased with the increase in potassium fertilizer application rate and reached the maximum at MK treatment. The content of malondialdehyde was significantly lower in MK treatment than in other three treatments. The yields of thin-shelled Tartary buckwheat treated with LK, MK, and HK were 1.22, 1.37, and 1.07 times that of CK, respectively. In summary, an appropriate potassium fertilizer treatment (30kg·ha) can delay the senescence, promote the grain filling, and increase the grain weight and final yield of thin-shelled Tartary buckwheat. This treatment is recommended to be used in production to achieve high-yield cultivation of thin-shelled Tartary buckwheat.
钾肥施用量与作物产量密切相关。甜荞是甜荞的一个新品种，具有皮薄、易脱壳的优点。然而，关于钾肥施用量对甜荞产量形成的影响知之甚少。本研究旨在阐明钾肥对甜荞生长和产量的影响。连续两年进行田间试验，以甜荞（米库18）为材料，设置4个钾肥施用量处理，分别为0（不施钾肥，CK）、15（低浓度钾肥，LK）、30（中浓度钾肥，MK）和45 kg·ha（高浓度钾肥，HK）。随着钾肥施用量的增加，最大和平均灌浆速率、淀粉合酶活性、叶片中超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性、根系形态指标和活性、根际土壤中有效氮、磷和有机质含量、根际土壤中脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性、株高、主茎节数、主茎分枝数、叶片数、单株粒数、单株粒重和百粒重均先增加后降低，在MK处理时达到最大值。MK处理的丙二醛含量显著低于其他三个处理。LK、MK和HK处理的甜荞产量分别是CK处理的1.22倍、1.37倍和1.07倍。综上所述，适宜的钾肥处理（30kg·ha）可延缓甜荞衰老，促进籽粒灌浆，增加粒重和最终产量。建议在生产中采用该处理方式，以实现甜荞的高产栽培。
