MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Health Promot Int. 2024 Aug 1;39(4). doi: 10.1093/heapro/daae087.
This systematic review collected evidence on the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among professional drivers and reported on the most common factors that increase the risk of NCDs in this specific population in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The protocol for this systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). We conducted a thorough search on PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Global Health, Web of Science and Africa-wide information databases on 11 May 2023. We adapted the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool to assess the quality of the studies. We estimated the prevalence of hypertension, prediabetes, diabetes mellitus (DM), overweight and obesity among professional drivers using a random effect model to compute pooled and subgroup analyses. In addition, we conducted a narrative synthesis of the risk factors and recommendations presented in the included studies. Forty-one studies, including 48 414 study participants, met the criteria for inclusion. The pooled prevalence of hypertension, DM and obesity among professional drivers was 36.7% [95% confidence interval (CI): 31.8-41.6%], 15.2% (95% CI: 7.0-23.4%) and 27.2% (95% CI: 18.7-35.8%), respectively. Unsupportive environment, work stress, sedentary lifestyle, consumption of unhealthy foods and shift work were the most common modifiable risk factors reported. Our findings also show a significant burden of hypertension, DM and obesity among professional drivers in LMICs. The prevalence of DM and obesity was two- and three-fold higher than findings in general populations, respectively. Our findings indicate an urgent need for tailored interventions for different occupation-related risk factors for NCDs among professional drivers in LMICs.
本系统评价收集了职业驾驶员中非传染性疾病（NCD）负担的证据，并报告了中低收入国家（LMIC）中增加该特定人群 NCD 风险的最常见因素。本系统评价的方案已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（PROSPERO）中注册。我们于 2023 年 5 月 11 日在 PubMed/MEDLINE、EMBASE、Scopus、全球健康、Web of Science 和非洲范围内的信息数据库中进行了全面检索。我们采用 Joanna Briggs 研究所（JBI）工具评估研究质量。我们使用随机效应模型估计了职业驾驶员中高血压、糖尿病前期、糖尿病、超重和肥胖的患病率，以进行汇总和亚组分析。此外，我们对纳入研究中提出的危险因素和建议进行了叙述性综合分析。41 项研究，包括 48414 名研究参与者，符合纳入标准。职业驾驶员中高血压、糖尿病和肥胖的汇总患病率分别为 36.7%（95%置信区间：31.8-41.6%）、15.2%（95%置信区间：7.0-23.4%）和 27.2%（95%置信区间：18.7-35.8%）。报告的最常见可改变危险因素包括支持性环境差、工作压力大、久坐不动的生活方式、不健康食物的摄入和轮班工作。我们的研究结果还表明，LMIC 中职业驾驶员 NCD 的负担很重。糖尿病和肥胖的患病率分别是非普通人群的两倍和三倍。我们的研究结果表明，迫切需要针对 LMIC 中职业驾驶员与工作相关的 NCD 特定危险因素制定有针对性的干预措施。
