Kirchner M
Kinderarztl Prax. 1979 Nov;47(11):574-84.
The permanent alcohol abuse of a pregnant woman is of high risk for the embryo especially during the first weeks of pregnancy. It is prerequisite to the embryonic alcohol syndrome that the ethylalcohol passes the placenta. Subsequently hypotrophic infants with multiple malformations of minor and major quality are born. Part of the malformations are characteristic, part of them are unspecific for the disease. They altogether represent the entity of the embryonic alcohol syndrome. Occurrence and intensity of the disease depend on the daily quantity of pure alcohol, especially during the first month of pregnancy, on the level of non-metabolized ethylalcohol in the mother's blood, and on the stage of the maternal alcohol disease according to Jellinek. To prevent the embryonic alcohol syndrome means to prevent the maternal chronic alcohol abuse.
孕妇长期酗酒对胚胎具有高风险，尤其是在怀孕的最初几周。乙醇通过胎盘是胚胎酒精综合征的前提条件。随后会生出患有多种大小质量不等畸形的低体重婴儿。部分畸形具有特征性，部分对该疾病而言不具有特异性。它们共同构成了胚胎酒精综合征的整体情况。该疾病的发生和严重程度取决于纯酒精的每日摄入量，尤其是在怀孕的第一个月，取决于母亲血液中未代谢乙醇的水平，以及根据杰林内克划分的母亲酒精疾病阶段。预防胚胎酒精综合征意味着预防母亲长期酗酒。
