Yue Yihua, Hovey Kathleen M, Wactawski-Wende Jean, LaMonte Michael J, Andrews Chris A, Diaz Patricia I, McSkimming Daniel I, Buck Michael, Sun Yijun, Millen Amy E
Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States.
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
J Nutr. 2025 Jan;155(1):66-77. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.08.023. Epub 2024 Aug 31.
Dietary intake has been suggested to be associated with the oral microbiome, but no study has examined the association between overall diet quality and the oral microbiome.
This study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional association between the Healthy Eating Index-2020 (HEI-2020) and the diversity and composition of the oral microbiome among participants in the Buffalo Osteoporosis and Periodontal Disease (OsteoPerio) Study.
In 1175 postmenopausal women (mean age: 67 ± 7.0 y), we estimated the HEI-2020 scores for each woman from a food frequency questionnaire administered from 1997 to 2000. Bacterial DNA was extracted from subgingival plaque samples and analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. The alpha-diversity (within-sample diversity) and β-diversity (between-sample diversity) across HEI-2020 quartiles were examined using analysis of covariance and permutational multivariate analysis of variance, respectively. The associations between the HEI-2020 score and the relative abundance of microbial taxa were examined by linear regression models. The analyses were further conducted for individual components of the HEI-2020.
No statistically significant associations were observed between the HEI-2020 scores and alpha- or beta-diversity. However, greater consumption of seafood, plant proteins, and total protein and lower consumption of added sugars were positively associated with alpha-diversity. After we applied a false detection rate (FDR) correction, higher HEI-2020 scores were significantly associated with decreased abundance of Lautropia, Streptococcus gordonii, Cardiobacterium valvarum, and Cardiobacterium hominis, and increased abundance of Selenomonas sp. oral taxon 133 and Selenomonas dianae (FDR-adjusted P values < 0.10). Additionally, 28 other taxa were identified as being associated with HEI-2020 components.
Although the HEI-2020 was associated with the composition, but not the diversity, of the oral microbiome, individual HEI-2020 components were associated with both its diversity and composition. Specific dietary components may have more impact on the diversity and composition of oral microbiome than overall diet quality assessed by the HEI-2020.
有研究表明饮食摄入与口腔微生物群有关，但尚无研究探讨总体饮食质量与口腔微生物群之间的关联。
本研究旨在调查布法罗骨质疏松症和牙周病（OsteoPerio）研究参与者中，2020年健康饮食指数（HEI - 2020）与口腔微生物群的多样性和组成之间的横断面关联。
在1175名绝经后女性（平均年龄：67±7.0岁）中，我们根据1997年至2000年进行的食物频率问卷调查，估算了每位女性的HEI - 2020得分。从龈下菌斑样本中提取细菌DNA，并使用16S核糖体RNA测序进行分析。分别使用协方差分析和置换多变量方差分析，检查HEI - 2020四分位数之间的α多样性（样本内多样性）和β多样性（样本间多样性）。通过线性回归模型检查HEI - 2020得分与微生物分类群相对丰度之间的关联。对HEI - 2020的各个组成部分进一步进行分析。
未观察到HEI - 2020得分与α或β多样性之间存在统计学上的显著关联。然而，海鲜、植物蛋白和总蛋白的摄入量增加以及添加糖的摄入量减少与α多样性呈正相关。在应用错误发现率（FDR）校正后，较高的HEI - 2020得分与劳特罗普菌属、戈登链球菌、瓣膜心杆菌和人心杆菌的丰度降低以及口腔分类群133和戴安娜月形单胞菌的丰度增加显著相关（FDR校正P值<0.10）。此外，还确定了28个其他分类群与HEI - 2020组成部分相关。
尽管HEI - 2020与口腔微生物群的组成有关，但与多样性无关，HEI - 2020的各个组成部分与其多样性和组成均有关。特定的饮食成分可能比HEI - 2020评估的总体饮食质量对口腔微生物群的多样性和组成有更大影响。
