Ndyomugyenyi Bruce Donald, Nabukeera Betty, Natukwatsa Davis, Barageine Justus Kafunjo, Kajungu Dan
Makerere University Centre for Health and Population Research, Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Kampala, Uganda.
Uganda Bureau of Statistics, Kampala, Uganda.
East Afr Health Res J. 2023;7(2):183-192. doi: 10.24248/eahrj.v7i2.730. Epub 2023 Nov 30.
Reducing Neonatal Mortality (NM) is vital in decreasing mortality in children below 5 years. Uganda has reported a significant reduction in under 5 and infant mortality over the past decade while NM has stagnated at 27 deaths per 1,000 live births. The NMR of 34 deaths per 1,000 live births in Eastern Uganda is higher than the national rate.
To determine risk factors for neonatal mortality in rural Iganga district, Eastern Uganda.
A matched case-control study was conducted between February and July 2019 in Nakigo and Nakalama sub-counties of Iganga district. Cases (n=91) were neonates that died and the controls (n=182) were live neonates at 1 month. Data on maternal, social demographic and neonatal variables were collected from mothers of neonates at household level. Descriptive analysis was performed to determine the profile of study participants. Data was presented as mean (and standard deviation) for continuous variables, and frequencies with percentages for categorical variables. A conditional logistic regression was performed to calculate Odds Ratios and to establish factors that were independently associated with risk of neonatal Mortality.
Giving birth to 5 or more children (AOR=2.88, 95% CI =1.25-6.63), attending less than 4 antenatal care visits (AOR= 2.27, 95% CI= 1.14-5.54), and giving birth to twins (AOR= 6.30, 95% CI=1.24-32.0) were the risk factors for neonatal mortality while delivering from health facilities was protective (AOR= 0.26, 95% CI= 0.12-0.56).
The risk factors for NM are: - giving birth to 5 or more children, attendance of less than 4 antenatal care visits and giving birth to twins. To reduce the risk of NM, the study re-emphasises the need to put more focus on neonatal care during pregnancy and child birth. The study findings can be utilised to determine priorities for reducing the risk of NM in rural settings.
降低新生儿死亡率对于降低5岁以下儿童死亡率至关重要。乌干达报告称，在过去十年中，5岁以下儿童和婴儿死亡率显著下降，而新生儿死亡率一直停滞在每1000例活产27例死亡。乌干达东部每1000例活产中有34例新生儿死亡，高于全国平均水平。
确定乌干达东部伊甘加区农村地区新生儿死亡的风险因素。
2019年2月至7月，在伊甘加区的纳基戈和纳卡拉马次县进行了一项配对病例对照研究。病例组（n = 91）为死亡新生儿，对照组（n = 182）为1个月大的存活新生儿。在家庭层面从新生儿母亲处收集有关母亲、社会人口统计学和新生儿变量的数据。进行描述性分析以确定研究参与者的概况。连续变量的数据以均值（和标准差）表示，分类变量的数据以频率和百分比表示。进行条件逻辑回归以计算比值比，并确定与新生儿死亡风险独立相关的因素。
生育5个或更多子女（比值比=2.88，95%置信区间=1.25 - 6.63）、产前检查次数少于4次（比值比=2.27，95%置信区间=1.14 - 5.54）以及生育双胞胎（比值比=6.30，95%置信区间=1.24 - 32.0）是新生儿死亡的风险因素，而在医疗机构分娩具有保护作用（比值比=0.26，95%置信区间=0.12 - 0.56）。
新生儿死亡的风险因素包括：生育5个或更多子女、产前检查次数少于4次以及生育双胞胎。为降低新生儿死亡风险，该研究再次强调在孕期和分娩期间需要更加关注新生儿护理。该研究结果可用于确定农村地区降低新生儿死亡风险的优先事项。
