Engineering, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Valencia, Valencian Community, 46022, Spain.
Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, Riobamba, Chimborazo Province, 060150, Ecuador.
F1000Res. 2024 Aug 12;13:580. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.147701.2. eCollection 2024.
Geopolymers are alternative materials to cement because they require less energy in their production process; hence, they contribute to the reduction in CO emissions. This study aims to evaluate the possibility of using industrial residues such as silica fume (SF) to improve the physical and mechanical properties of a pumice stone (PS)-based geopolymer.
Through an experimental methodology, the process starts with the extraction, grinding, and sieving of the raw material to carry out the physical and chemical characterization of the resulting material, followed by the dosage of the geopolymer mixture considering the factors that influence the resistance mechanical strength. Finally, the physical and mechanical properties of the geopolymer were characterized. This research was carried out in four stages: characterization of the pumice stone, design of the geopolymer through laboratory tests, application according to the dosage of the concrete, and analysis of the data through a multi-criteria analysis.
It was determined that the optimal percentage of SF replacement is 10%, which to improves the properties of the geopolymer allowing to reach a maximum resistance to compression and flexion of 14.10 MPa and 4.78 MPa respectively, showing that there is a direct relationship between the percentage of SF and the resistance.
Geopolymer preparation involves the use of PS powder with a composition rich in silicon and aluminum. The factors influencing strength include the ratio of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide, water content, temperature, curing time, molarity of sodium hydroxide, and binder ratio. The results showed an increase in the compression and flexural strength with 10% SF replacement. The geopolymer's maximum compressive strength indicates its non-structural use, but it can be improved by reducing the PS powder size.
地质聚合物是水泥的替代材料，因为它们在生产过程中需要较少的能源；因此，它们有助于减少 CO2的排放。本研究旨在评估使用工业废料（如硅灰（SF））来提高浮石（PS）基地质聚合物的物理和机械性能的可能性。
通过实验方法，该过程从原材料的提取、研磨和筛分开始，对所得材料进行物理和化学特性分析，然后考虑影响机械强度的因素来确定地质聚合物混合物的剂量。最后，对地质聚合物的物理和机械性能进行了表征。本研究分四个阶段进行：浮石的特性分析、通过实验室试验设计地质聚合物、根据混凝土剂量进行应用以及通过多标准分析对数据进行分析。
确定 SF 替代的最佳百分比为 10%，这可以改善地质聚合物的性能，使其抗压强度和抗弯强度分别达到 14.10 MPa 和 4.78 MPa 的最大值，表明 SF 的百分比与强度之间存在直接关系。
地质聚合物的制备涉及使用硅和铝含量丰富的 PS 粉末。影响强度的因素包括硅酸钠与氢氧化钠的比例、水含量、温度、养护时间、氢氧化钠的摩尔浓度和粘结剂的比例。结果表明，SF 替代率为 10%时，抗压强度和抗弯强度均有所提高。地质聚合物的最大抗压强度表明其非结构性用途，但可以通过减小 PS 粉末的粒径来提高其性能。
