Osode Eno, Cook Erica, Tomlin Ali
Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luto, UK.
School of Psychology, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2024 Aug 26;17:3163-3176. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S460058. eCollection 2024.
Evidence suggests that child maltreatment (CM) is associated with an elevated risk of adult diseases in later life. Emerging evidence shows that CM in childhood is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adulthood. However, no study has systematically examined the evidence. Hence, this review aims to synthesise the evidence on the association between forms of CM and MetS in adulthood.
Electronic databases of CINAHL, Medline, PsychInfo, SOCINDEX, and Scopus were systematically searched using predefined key terms to identify relevant published studies on the association between CM and MetS from the beginning of indexing to 1st January 2024. Studies were included if they met the selection criteria. The quality of studies was appraised using suitable criteria for cross-sectional and prospective studies.
The search revealed a total of 2411 studies. Five studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The findings revealed that there was an association between physical abuse and MetS in women across two studies and one study in men. In addition, one study reported an association between emotional abuse and the risk of MetS in men, while two studies revealed increased odds with CM. However, no significant associations were reported between MetS and childhood sexual abuse and neglect, respectively.
These findings suggest that some forms of CM may increase a person's risk of having MetS. However, there is a need for methodological improvements due to heterogeneity in studies, mainly on the assessment and definition of CM. Further research is needed on forms of CM and MetS to understand the underlying mechanisms of the associations found and to identify targeted strategies to prevent the impact of CM on MetS and subsequent future health.
有证据表明，儿童期受虐待（CM）与成年后期患成人疾病的风险升高有关。新出现的证据表明，儿童期CM与成年期代谢综合征（MetS）有关。然而，尚无研究系统地审视相关证据。因此，本综述旨在综合关于不同形式的CM与成年期MetS之间关联的证据。
使用预定义的关键词对CINAHL、Medline、PsychInfo、SOCINDEX和Scopus等电子数据库进行系统检索，以识别从索引开始至2024年1月1日期间发表的关于CM与MetS之间关联的相关研究。符合入选标准的研究被纳入。使用适用于横断面研究和前瞻性研究的标准对研究质量进行评估。
检索共发现2411项研究。五项研究符合纳入标准并被纳入本综述。研究结果显示，两项针对女性的研究以及一项针对男性的研究发现身体虐待与MetS之间存在关联。此外，一项研究报告了情感虐待与男性患MetS风险之间的关联，而两项研究显示CM会增加患病几率。然而，分别未报告MetS与儿童期性虐待和忽视之间存在显著关联。
这些发现表明，某些形式的CM可能会增加一个人患MetS的风险。然而，由于研究存在异质性，主要体现在CM的评估和定义方面，因此需要改进方法。需要对CM和MetS的形式进行进一步研究，以了解所发现关联的潜在机制，并确定有针对性的策略，以预防CM对MetS及后续未来健康的影响。
