Mir Atefeh, Baseri Maryam Moradi, Farmanfarma Khadijeh Kalan
Department of Nursing, Clinical Research Center of Sabzevar Vasei Hospital Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences Sabzevar Iran.
Department of Enviromental Health Pars Hospital Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran.
Health Sci Rep. 2024 Aug 30;7(9):e2281. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.2281. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Ocular trauma (OT) is a a major cause of ocular morbidity and blindness. This study was systematically conducted to determine the factors contributing to OT in Iran.
In this study, a systematic review of all published articles in Persian and English languages from 2000 to 2023 was conducted to investigate the factors affecting OT in Iran. The included studies encompassed cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control designs. Articles were selected from internationally recognized databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar, as well as Persian databases such as SID and Magiran. The search strategy involved using keywords aligned with the (MeSH) terms, such as "oculars," "trauma," and "Iran." Initially, 403 articles were identified, and ultimately, 14 articles met the inclusion criteria. To ensure the prevention of bias and assess the quality of the selected articles, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was utilized.
In the present study, the majority of individuals in the reviewed articles were categorized as having mild eye injuries (13.8%). A higher percentage of injuries was observed in males compared to females, and a higher prevalence of injuries was also observed in the age group of over 30 years compared to other age groups. Among the mechanical causes, sharp trauma had the highest prevalence rate (72.5%), while falls had the lowest prevalence rate (14%), followed by sport-related injuries (29%). Non-mechanical injuries were mentioned in only one article and had a prevalence rate of 1.5.
The results of the current research have shown that among the mechanical injuries, accidents involving motorcycles and sharp objects are the leading causes of OT in Iranians. Therefore, the use of protective equipment such as goggles and adherence to traffic laws play a particularly important role, especially in men higher the age of 30. These findings highlight the necessity for targeted educational and preventive measures to reduce OT in Iran.
眼外伤（OT）是导致眼部疾病和失明的主要原因。本研究系统地确定了伊朗眼外伤的相关因素。
在本研究中，对2000年至2023年以波斯语和英语发表的所有文章进行了系统综述，以调查影响伊朗眼外伤的因素。纳入的研究包括横断面研究、队列研究和病例对照研究。文章选自国际认可的数据库，包括PubMed、科学网、Scopus和谷歌学术，以及波斯语数据库，如SID和Magiran。搜索策略涉及使用与医学主题词（MeSH）术语一致的关键词，如“眼”、“外伤”和“伊朗”。最初识别出403篇文章，最终14篇文章符合纳入标准。为确保防止偏倚并评估所选文章的质量，采用了纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表。
在本研究中，综述文章中的大多数个体被归类为轻度眼损伤（13.8%）。与女性相比，男性受伤的比例更高，与其他年龄组相比，30岁以上年龄组的受伤患病率也更高。在机械性原因中，锐器伤的患病率最高（72.5%），而跌倒的患病率最低（14%），其次是与运动相关的损伤（29%）。只有一篇文章提到了非机械性损伤，患病率为1.5。
当前研究结果表明，在机械性损伤中，涉及摩托车和锐器的事故是伊朗人眼外伤的主要原因。因此，使用护目镜等防护设备以及遵守交通法规起着特别重要的作用，尤其是在30岁以上的男性中。这些发现凸显了采取针对性教育和预防措施以减少伊朗眼外伤的必要性。
