Soil Improvement and Conservation Research Department, Soil, Water, and Environment Research Institute (SWERI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt.
Soil and Water Department Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
PeerJ. 2024 Aug 28;12:e17828. doi: 10.7717/peerj.17828. eCollection 2024.
Soil salinization significantly impacts agricultural lands and crop productivity in the study area. Moreover, freshwater scarcity poses a significant obstacle to soil reclamation and agricultural production. Therefore, eco-friendly strategies must be adopted for agro-ecosystem sustainability under these conditions. A study conducted in 2022 and 2023 examined the interaction effects of various soil mulching materials (unmulched, white plastic, rice straw, and sawdust) and chitosan foliar spray application (control, 250 mg L of normal chitosan, 125 mg L of nano chitosan, and 62.5 mg L of nano chitosan) on the biochemical soil characteristics and productivity of common beans in clay-saline soil. Higher organic matter, available nutrient content, and total bacteria count in soils were found under organic mulching treatments (rice straw and sawdust). In contrast, the white plastic mulching treatment resulted in the lowest values of soil electrical conductivity (EC) and the highest soil water content. Conversely, chitosan foliar spray treatments had the least impact on the chemical properties of the soil. Plants sprayed with 62.5 mg L of nano chitosan exhibited higher chlorophyll content, plant height, fresh weight of shoots and roots, seed yield, and nutrient content compared to other chitosan foliar spray applications. All treatments studied led to a significant reduction in fungal communities and Na% in plants. The combined effect of organic mulch materials and foliar spray application of 62.5 mg L nano chitosan appeared to enhance biochemical saline soil properties and common bean productivity.
土壤盐渍化对研究区域的农业用地和作物生产力有重大影响。此外，淡水资源短缺对土壤开垦和农业生产构成了重大障碍。因此，在这些条件下，必须采取环保策略来维持农业生态系统的可持续性。2022 年和 2023 年进行的一项研究考察了各种土壤覆盖材料（未覆盖、白色塑料、稻草和木屑）和壳聚糖叶面喷施（对照、250mg/L 普通壳聚糖、125mg/L 纳米壳聚糖和 62.5mg/L 纳米壳聚糖）对粘壤土-盐渍土中普通豆科植物生物化学土壤特性和生产力的交互作用。有机覆盖处理（稻草和木屑）下的土壤具有更高的有机质、有效养分含量和总细菌计数。相比之下，白色塑料覆盖处理导致土壤电导率（EC）最低，土壤含水量最高。相反，壳聚糖叶面喷施处理对土壤化学性质的影响最小。与其他壳聚糖叶面喷施处理相比，用 62.5mg/L 纳米壳聚糖喷施的植物表现出更高的叶绿素含量、株高、茎叶鲜重、种子产量和养分含量。所有研究的处理都导致植物中的真菌群落和 Na%显著减少。有机覆盖材料和 62.5mg/L 纳米壳聚糖叶面喷施的联合作用似乎可以增强生物化学盐渍土特性和普通豆科植物的生产力。
