Vohra Maaz, Pandurangan Kiran Kumar, Shenoy Amrutha, Keskar Varun
Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 2;16(8):e66029. doi: 10.7759/cureus.66029. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Monolithic zirconia is widely used in dentistry due to its outstanding mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and aesthetic qualities. This review examines how different polishing and finishing methods impact the performance and appearance of monolithic zirconia restorations. Derived from zirconium, zirconia is a robust ceramic that exists in monoclinic, tetragonal, and cubic forms, with properties that prevent crack propagation. Monolithic zirconia, preferred over porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crowns, offers better aesthetics and avoids chipping. Various surface treatments, such as polishing and glazing, enhance zirconia's smoothness and wear characteristics. Polished zirconia is less abrasive to enamel than glazed zirconia, making it more suitable for opposing teeth. Research indicates that polished zirconia has a smoother surface and higher fracture resistance compared to other dental ceramics. Surface roughness, which is influenced by the treatment method, is crucial in minimizing wear on opposing teeth. Polished monolithic zirconia also shows high flexural strength, chipping resistance, and translucency. While both polishing and glazing reduce brightness, polishing better preserves translucency. The literature identifies polishing as the best post-processing method for enhancing zirconia's surface quality and mechanical properties without compromising its load-bearing capacity. In conclusion, polishing and finishing significantly improve the aesthetic and clinical performance of monolithic zirconia, confirming its effectiveness for durable and visually appealing dental restorations.
整块式氧化锆因其出色的机械性能、生物相容性和美学品质而在牙科领域得到广泛应用。本综述探讨了不同的抛光和修整方法如何影响整块式氧化锆修复体的性能和外观。氧化锆由锆衍生而来，是一种坚固的陶瓷材料，以单斜晶、四方晶和立方晶形式存在，其特性可防止裂纹扩展。与金属烤瓷（PFM）冠相比，整块式氧化锆具有更好的美学效果，且不易崩瓷。各种表面处理，如抛光和上釉，可提高氧化锆的光滑度和耐磨性能。与上釉的氧化锆相比，抛光的氧化锆对牙釉质的磨损更小，因此更适合对颌牙。研究表明，与其他牙科陶瓷相比，抛光的氧化锆表面更光滑，抗折强度更高。受处理方法影响的表面粗糙度对于减少对颌牙的磨损至关重要。抛光的整块式氧化锆还具有较高的弯曲强度、抗崩瓷性和半透明性。虽然抛光和上釉都会降低亮度，但抛光能更好地保留半透明性。文献表明，抛光是提高氧化锆表面质量和机械性能且不影响其承载能力的最佳后处理方法。总之，抛光和修整可显著改善整块式氧化锆的美学和临床性能，证实了其在制作耐用且美观的牙科修复体方面的有效性。
