Rev Sci Tech. 2024 Aug;43:189-199. doi: 10.20506/rst.43.3531.
Attracting and sustaining investment in Veterinary Services and animal health programmes from national government budgets, development aid and grants, and philanthropic donors requires economic rationale using relevant, reliable and validated analytical approaches. The complex interwoven relationships between animal health, livestock husbandry systems, national food security, global health security and environmental sustainability emphasise the importance of improving data governance and stewardship and applying economic analysis to understand animal disease burdens. These efforts should enable prioritised investment of limited resources and effective monitoring of the impact of programmes over time. Data governance and stewardship capacities are fundamental to development, implementation and performance monitoring of evidence-based policies in animal health. There are challenges in data availability for national and subnational livestock populations in different sectors, for disease incidence and prevalence, and for animal health expenditure in support of optimised allocation of scarce resources, be they finance, land, labour, or management attention and policy focus. Animal health data systems governance and stewardship and economic analysis are core skills for Veterinary Services in developing and applying evidence-based policy, but capability probably varies among World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) Members. The WOAH Performance of Veterinary Services programme has several critical competencies that are relevant to economics of animal health and to data governance and stewardship, but these have not yet been targeted for coordinated capacity development. Implementation of publicâ€"private partnership approaches for animal health programmes creates increasing expectations of robust data and methods for prioritisation, options analysis, and assessing impacts and costs. Experience and examples from national systems in New Zealand, Australia, Ethiopia and Indonesia illustrate current challenges associated with prioritisation of animal health programmes using economic analysis. The Global Burden of Animal Diseases programme intends to support WOAH Members and partners to develop capacities for and standardise approaches to economic analysis and prioritisation in animal health programmes.
吸引和维持国家政府预算、发展援助和赠款以及慈善捐赠者对兽医服务和动物健康计划的投资，需要使用相关、可靠和经过验证的分析方法来提供经济依据。动物健康、畜牧业系统、国家粮食安全、全球健康安全和环境可持续性之间复杂的交织关系强调了改善数据治理和管理以及应用经济分析来了解动物疾病负担的重要性。这些努力应该能够优先投资有限的资源，并随着时间的推移有效监测计划的影响。数据治理和管理能力是制定、实施和监测基于证据的动物健康政策的基础。在不同部门的国家和次国家牲畜群体、疾病发病率和流行率以及支持优化分配稀缺资源（无论是财政、土地、劳动力还是管理注意力和政策重点）的动物卫生支出方面，数据可用性存在挑战。动物卫生数据系统治理和管理以及经济分析是兽医服务制定和应用基于证据的政策的核心技能，但世界动物卫生组织（WOAH）成员之间的能力可能存在差异。WOAH 兽医服务绩效计划有几个与动物健康经济学和数据治理和管理相关的关键能力，但尚未针对这些能力进行协调的能力发展。公私伙伴关系方法在动物健康计划中的实施，对数据和方法提出了更高的要求，以进行优先排序、方案分析以及评估影响和成本。新西兰、澳大利亚、埃塞俄比亚和印度尼西亚等国家系统的经验和实例说明了在使用经济分析对动物健康计划进行优先排序方面目前面临的挑战。动物疾病全球负担计划旨在支持世界动物卫生组织成员和合作伙伴发展动物健康计划经济分析和优先排序方面的能力并使这些方法标准化。
