中国儿科住院医师共情能力及其影响因素的混合方法研究。

Empathy ability and influencing factors among pediatric residents in China: a mixed-methods study.

机构信息

Department of Pediatric Clinical Medicine School, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.

Department of Science and Education, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian, 350000, China.

出版信息

BMC Med Educ. 2024 Sep 2;24(1):955. doi: 10.1186/s12909-024-05858-5.

DOI:10.1186/s12909-024-05858-5

PMID:39223586

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11370118/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Empathy is one of the fundamental factors enhancing the therapeutic effects of physician-patient relationships, but there has been no relevant research in China on the pediatric resident physicians' capacity for empathy or the influencing factors.

METHODS

A mixed-methods study was undertaken. The student version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy was used to assess 181 postgraduate residents at Shanghai Children's Medical Center and Shanghai Children's Hospital. Differences in empathy ability among pediatric resident physicians of different genders and specialties were analyzed using independent sample t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests. A one-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the differences in empathy ability at different educational levels and years of medical residency training. Seven third-year postgraduate pediatric residents from Shanghai Children's Medical Center participated in semi-structured interviews exploring the influencing factors. We analyzed the interview transcripts using thematic analysis.

RESULTS

The scale was completed by 154 pediatric residents. No statistically significant differences in empathy were found between educational level, postgraduate year, gender, or specialty. The factors influencing empathy in doctor-patient communication included the person who accompanied the child to see the doctor, how the children cooperated with doctors for medical treatment, the volume of pediatric outpatient and emergency visits, and the physician's ability to withstand pressure. All interviewed resident physicians regarded learning empathy as important but rarely spent extra time learning it.

CONCLUSIONS

The evaluation results of resident physicians on changes in empathy after improving clinical abilities vary according to their understanding of empathy, and the work environment has an important impact on pediatricians' empathy ability. Their empathy score is relatively low, and this requires exploration and intervention.

摘要

背景

同理心是增强医患关系治疗效果的基本因素之一，但中国尚未对儿科住院医师的同理心能力或影响因素进行相关研究。

方法

采用混合方法研究。使用杰斐逊同理心量表学生版对上海儿童医学中心和上海儿童医院的 181 名研究生住院医师进行评估。采用独立样本 t 检验和曼-惠特尼 U 检验分析不同性别和专业的儿科住院医师同理心能力的差异。采用单因素方差分析分析不同教育水平和医学住院医师培训年限的同理心能力差异。上海儿童医学中心的 7 名三年级儿科住院医师参加了半结构化访谈，探讨影响因素。我们使用主题分析对访谈记录进行了分析。