Banu Jahira, Dakshnamoorthy Nithya, Sakthivel Sulochana
Department of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, 605006, India.
Anat Sci Int. 2025 Mar;100(2):243-246. doi: 10.1007/s12565-024-00796-0. Epub 2024 Sep 3.
Variations of the left renal vein can be in the form of circumaortic vein or renal collar, retro-aortic vein, additional renal vein, or multiple primary tributaries. We report a unique complex venous pattern of concomitant circumaortic and retro-aortic left renal veins associated with a fenestrated left renal artery. Two renal veins, anterior and posterior to the renal artery, originated from the renal hilum. The anterior vein was further divided into two branches. One branch passed through the fenestrated renal artery to continue as the anterior limb of the circumaortic vein. It received the suprarenal and gonadal veins and drained into the inferior vena cava. The other branch coursed posterior to the fenestrated renal artery and joined the posterior renal vein. The posterior renal vein was divided into two branches: one forming the posterior limb of the circumaortic vein, and the other continued obliquely downwards as the retro-aortic vein. Variations in the left renal vein have been implicated in several clinical conditions, such as varicocele and pelvic varices. It also plays a crucial role in renal transplantation, as the left kidney is often used as the donor organ. Even though many reports have been published on circumaortic and retro-aortic veins, the complex venous pattern associated with a fenestrated renal artery has not been reported previously.
左肾静脉的变异形式可以是环绕主动脉静脉或肾静脉环、主动脉后静脉、额外的肾静脉或多个主要分支。我们报告了一种独特的复杂静脉模式,即伴有环绕主动脉和主动脉后左肾静脉,并与有窗孔的左肾动脉相关。两条肾静脉,一条在肾动脉前方,一条在肾动脉后方,起源于肾门。前方的静脉进一步分为两个分支。一个分支穿过有窗孔的肾动脉,继续作为环绕主动脉静脉的前支。它接纳肾上腺静脉和生殖腺静脉,并汇入下腔静脉。另一个分支在有窗孔的肾动脉后方走行,并与后方的肾静脉汇合。后方的肾静脉分为两个分支:一个形成环绕主动脉静脉的后支,另一个作为主动脉后静脉斜向下延续。左肾静脉的变异与多种临床情况有关,如精索静脉曲张和盆腔静脉曲张。它在肾移植中也起着关键作用,因为左肾常被用作供体器官。尽管已经发表了许多关于环绕主动脉静脉和主动脉后静脉的报告,但与有窗孔的肾动脉相关的复杂静脉模式此前尚未见报道。