Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, Barnett House, 32 Wellington Square, OX1 2ER, UK.
Centre for Social Science Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Sep 3;24(1):2391. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19751-9.
Parents were at the forefront of responding to the needs of children during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used the RE-AIM framework to examine the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance of a global inter-agency initiative that adapted evidence-based parenting programs to provide immediate support to parents.
Data were collected via short surveys sent via email, online surveys, and analysis of social media metrics and Google Analytics. Retrospective surveys with 1,303 parents and caregivers in 11 countries examined impacts of the resources on child maltreatment, positive relationship building, parenting efficacy, and parenting stress.
The parenting resources were translated into over 135 languages and dialects; reached an estimated minimum 212.4 million people by June 2022; were adopted by 697 agencies, organizations, and individuals; and were included in 43 national government COVID-19 responses. Dissemination via social media had the highest reach (n = 144,202,170, 67.9%), followed by radio broadcasts (n = 32,298,525, 15.2%), text messages (n = 13,565,780, 6.4%), and caseworker phone calls or visits (n = 8,074,787, 3.8%). Retrospective surveys showed increased parental engagement and play, parenting self-efficacy, confidence in protecting children from sexual abuse, and capacity to cope with stress, as well as decreased physical and emotional abuse. Forty-four organizations who responded to follow-up surveys in April 2021 reported sustained use of the resources as part of existing services and other crisis responses.
This study highlights the importance of a) establishing an international collaboration to rapidly adapt and disseminate evidence-based content into easily accessible resources that are relevant to the needs of parents; b) creating open-source and agile delivery models that are responsive to local contexts and receptive to further adaptation; and c) using the best methods available to evaluate a rapidly deployed global emergency response in real-time. Further research is recommended to empirically establish the evidence of effectiveness and maintenance of these parenting innovations.
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，父母是满足儿童需求的主力军。本研究使用 RE-AIM 框架，考察了一项全球机构间倡议的实施情况，该倡议改编了基于证据的育儿计划，为父母提供即时支持。
通过电子邮件、在线调查和社交媒体指标及谷歌分析，收集数据。对 11 个国家的 1303 名父母和照顾者进行了回顾性调查，调查资源对虐待儿童、建立积极关系、育儿效能感和育儿压力的影响。
育儿资源已被翻译成 135 多种语言和方言；截至 2022 年 6 月，估计已覆盖至少 2.124 亿人；已被 697 个机构、组织和个人采用；并被 43 个国家的 COVID-19 应对措施纳入。通过社交媒体进行传播的覆盖面最广（n=144,202,170，占 67.9%），其次是广播（n=32,298,525，占 15.2%）、短信（n=13,565,780，占 6.4%）和社工电话或家访（n=8,074,787，占 3.8%）。回顾性调查显示，父母的参与度和游戏增加，育儿自我效能感增强，保护儿童免受性虐待的信心增强，应对压力的能力增强，身体和情感虐待减少。44 个在 2021 年 4 月回复后续调查的组织报告称，继续使用这些资源作为现有服务和其他危机应对措施的一部分。
本研究强调了以下方面的重要性：a）建立国际合作，快速改编和传播基于证据的内容，纳入与父母需求相关的易于获取的资源；b）创建开源和灵活的交付模式，对当地情况作出反应，并接受进一步的改编；c）使用现有的最佳方法实时评估迅速部署的全球应急响应。建议进一步研究，以实证确定这些育儿创新的有效性和维持性。
