Prevention, Treatment and Rehabilitation Section, Drug Prevention and Health Branch, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), Division of Operations, Wagramer Strasse 5, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
Division of Psychology & Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 15;19(4):2181. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19042181.
A supportive environment with nurturing caregivers is essential for the healthy development of children. For children who have been exposed to extreme stress, such as humanitarian contexts, the need for strong, healthy, nurturing caregiver relationships may assume even greater importance. Much research has been building to position family skills interventions as a key tool in encouraging safe and supporting relationships between caregivers and children, thus preventing many problem behaviours and poor mental health. While there is substantial evidence of the effectiveness of family skills interventions in high-income and stable contexts, evidence of interventions that have been tested in humanitarian and challenging settings, such as contexts of refugee and displacement, are far fewer. Despite the role that family skills interventions can play in protecting children from current and future challenges, there is a significant lack of such interventions being utilised in humanitarian settings. We put forward seven likely reasons for this lack of uptake. Furthermore, the Strong Families programme, a UNODC family skills intervention, is presented as an example of an intervention that aims to bridge this gap of interventions that meet the need for humanitarian and contexts of extreme stress. More research is needed to unpack the content, delivery mechanisms and reach of family skills programmes to further aid programme developers in investing in efforts that might provide significant sustained impact for families in humanitarian contexts.
一个充满支持和关爱的环境对于儿童的健康成长至关重要。对于那些经历过极端压力的儿童,如在人道主义环境中,他们可能更加需要建立强大、健康和关爱的照顾者关系。大量研究表明,家庭技能干预可以作为鼓励照顾者与儿童之间建立安全和支持性关系的重要工具,从而预防许多问题行为和心理健康问题。虽然有大量证据表明家庭技能干预在高收入和稳定的环境中是有效的,但在人道主义和具有挑战性的环境中,如难民和流离失所者的环境中,经过测试的干预措施的证据要少得多。尽管家庭技能干预可以在保护儿童免受当前和未来挑战方面发挥作用,但在人道主义环境中,这类干预措施的应用却非常有限。我们提出了这种应用不足的七个可能原因。此外,还介绍了联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室的“强大家庭”家庭技能干预措施,作为一个例子,说明了一种干预措施,旨在弥合这一差距,提供满足人道主义和极端压力环境需求的干预措施。需要进一步研究家庭技能方案的内容、实施机制和覆盖面,以进一步帮助方案制定者投资于可能为人道主义环境中的家庭提供重大持续影响的努力。