Division of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Institute of Maternal and Child Medicine & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Maternal and Child Health and Diseases, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
J Transl Med. 2024 Sep 3;22(1):819. doi: 10.1186/s12967-024-05579-9.
Periodontitis results from host-microbe dysbiosis and the resultant dysregulated immunoinflammatory response. Importantly, it closely links to numerous systemic comorbidities, and perplexingly contributes to adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). Currently, there are limited studies on the distal consequences of periodontitis via oral-gut axis in pregnant women. This study investigated the integrative microbiome-metabolome profiles through multi-omics approaches in first-trimester pregnant women and explored the translational potentials.
We collected samples of subgingival plaques, saliva, sera and stool from 54 Chinese pregnant women at the first trimester, including 31 maternal periodontitis (Perio) subjects and 23 Non-Perio controls. By integrating 16S rRNA sequencing, untargeted metabolomics and clinical traits, we explored the oral-gut microbial and metabolic connection resulting from periodontitis among early pregnant women.
We demonstrated a novel bacterial distinguisher Coprococcus from feces of periodontitis subjects in association with subgingival periodontopathogens, being different from other fecal genera in Lachnospiraceae family. The ratio of fecal Coprococcus to Lachnoclostridium could discriminate between Perio and Non-Perio groups as the ratio of subgingival Porphyromonas to Rothia did. Furthermore, there were differentially abundant fecal metabolic features pivotally enriched in periodontitis subjects like L-urobilin and kynurenic acid. We revealed a periodontitis-oriented integrative network cluster, which was centered with fecal Coprococcus and L-urobilin as well as serum triglyceride.
The current findings about the notable influence of periodontitis on fecal microbiota and metabolites in first-trimester pregnant women via oral-gut axis signify the importance and translational implications of preconceptional oral/periodontal healthcare for enhancing maternal wellbeing.
牙周炎是由宿主-微生物失调和由此产生的失调免疫炎症反应引起的。重要的是，它与许多全身性合并症密切相关，并令人费解地导致不良妊娠结局（APOs）。目前，关于口腔-肠道轴在孕妇中通过牙周炎的远端后果的研究有限。本研究通过多组学方法研究了孕早期孕妇的综合微生物组-代谢组谱，并探讨了其转化潜力。
我们收集了 54 名中国孕妇的龈下菌斑、唾液、血清和粪便样本，包括 31 名牙周炎（Perio）孕妇和 23 名非牙周炎（Non-Perio）对照组。通过整合 16S rRNA 测序、非靶向代谢组学和临床特征，我们探讨了早期孕妇牙周炎中口腔-肠道微生物和代谢的联系。
我们在牙周炎患者的粪便中发现了一种新型细菌区分物 Coprococcus，该细菌与龈下牙周病原体有关，与其他lachnospiraceae 家族的粪便属不同。粪便 Coprococcus 与 Lachnoclostridium 的比值可以区分 Perio 和 Non-Perio 组，就像龈下 Porphyromonas 与 Rothia 的比值一样。此外，还有一些差异丰富的粪便代谢特征，如 L-尿胆素和犬尿氨酸，在牙周炎患者中显著富集。我们揭示了一个以牙周炎为导向的综合网络聚类，该聚类以粪便 Coprococcus 和 L-尿胆素以及血清甘油三酯为中心。
本研究发现牙周炎通过口腔-肠道轴对孕早期孕妇粪便微生物群和代谢物有显著影响，这表明孕前口腔/牙周保健对提高母婴健康的重要性和转化意义。
