College of Physical Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
J Sports Sci Med. 2024 Sep 1;23(1):495-503. doi: 10.52082/jssm.2024.495. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target for insulin resistance in health-related metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes. Despite the metabolic effects of resistance (RT) and aerobic training (AT) on diabetes symptoms, uncertainty exists regarding the superiority of effects manifested through these training approaches on FGF-21 and biochemical and physiological variables associated with metabolic disorders in men diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the impact of a 12-week RT and AT on FGF-21 levels and symptoms associated with metabolic disorders in male individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Thirty-six sedentary obese diabetic men (40 to 45 years old) were matched based on the level of FGF-1. They and were randomly divided into two training groups (RT, n = 12 and AT, n = 12) performing three days per week of moderate-intensity RT or AT for 12 weeks and an inactive control group (n = 12). Both training interventions significantly improved FGF-21, glucose metabolism, lipid profile, hormonal changes, strength, and aerobic capacity. Subgroup analysis revealed that RT had greater adaptive responses (p < 0.01) in fasting blood sugar (ES = -0.52), HOMA-IR (ES = -0.87), testosterone (ES = 0.52), cortisol (ES = -0.82), FGF-21 (ES = 0.61), and maximal strength (ES = 1.19) compared to AT. Conversely, AT showed greater changes (p < 0.01) in cholesterol (ES = -0.28), triglyceride (ES = -0.64), HDL (ES = 0.46), LDL (ES = -0.73), and aerobic capacity (ES = 1.18) compared to RT. Overall, both RT and AT interventions yielded significant moderate to large ES in FGF-21 levels and enhanced the management of biochemical variables. RT is an effective method for controlling FGF-21 levels and glucose balance, as well as for inducing hormonal changes. On the other hand, AT is more suitable for improving lipid profiles in overweight men with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
成纤维细胞生长因子 21（FGF-21）已被认为是与 2 型糖尿病相关的代谢紊乱等健康相关代谢障碍中胰岛素抵抗的潜在治疗靶点。尽管阻力训练（RT）和有氧训练（AT）对糖尿病症状有代谢作用，但对于这些训练方法对 FGF-21 以及与 2 型糖尿病男性代谢紊乱相关的生化和生理变量的影响，仍然存在不确定性。本研究旨在探讨 12 周 RT 和 AT 对 2 型糖尿病男性患者 FGF-21 水平和代谢紊乱相关症状的影响。36 名久坐肥胖的糖尿病男性（40 至 45 岁）根据 FGF-1 水平进行匹配。他们被随机分为两组（RT，n = 12 和 AT，n = 12），每周进行三天中等强度的 RT 或 AT，持续 12 周，以及一个不活动的对照组（n = 12）。两种训练干预都显著改善了 FGF-21、葡萄糖代谢、血脂谱、激素变化、力量和有氧能力。亚组分析显示，RT 在空腹血糖（ES = -0.52）、HOMA-IR（ES = -0.87）、睾酮（ES = 0.52）、皮质醇（ES = -0.82）、FGF-21（ES = 0.61）和最大力量（ES = 1.19）方面的适应性反应更大（p < 0.01），而 AT 在胆固醇（ES = -0.28）、甘油三酯（ES = -0.64）、HDL（ES = 0.46）、LDL（ES = -0.73）和有氧能力（ES = 1.18）方面的变化更大（p < 0.01）。总的来说，RT 和 AT 干预都显著提高了 FGF-21 水平，并且改善了生化变量的管理，且产生了较大的 ES。RT 是控制 FGF-21 水平和葡萄糖平衡以及诱导激素变化的有效方法。另一方面，AT 更适合改善超重 2 型糖尿病男性的血脂谱。
