人体测量指标、活动范围或运动控制测试与杠铃后深蹲时的腰骨盆屈曲有关吗？
Are Anthropometric Measures, Range of Motion, or Movement Control Tests Associated with Lumbopelvic Flexion during Barbell Back Squats?
作者信息
Berglund Lars, Öhberg Fredrik, Strömbäck Edit, Papacosta Daniel
机构信息
Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation Umeå University.
Department of Diagnostics and Intervention Umeå University.
出版信息
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2024 Sep 1;19(9):1097-1107. doi: 10.26603/001c.122637. eCollection 2024.
BACKGROUND
Resistance training with the barbell back squat (BBS) exercise is practiced in sports, recreation, and rehabilitation. Although extensively debated, it is commonly believed and recommended that maintaining a neutral lumbopelvic alignment during BBS is an important technical aspect that might reduce the risk of injury. There is limited knowledge of how objectively measurable factors affect the extent to which the lumbopelvic region moves into flexion during a BBS.
PURPOSE
The aim of the study was to investigate the association among anthropometric measurements, range of motion in the hips and ankle joints, lumbopelvic movement control tests, and flexion of the lumbopelvic region during execution of the BBS.
STUDY DESIGN
Observational, cross sectional.
METHODS
Eighteen experienced powerlifters and Olympic weightlifters were included and measurements of lumbopelvic movements were collected with inertial measurement units during BBS performed at 70 % of 1RM. Examination of anthropometric properties, range of motion in the hip and ankle joints, and lumbopelvic movement control tests were collected as independent variables. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate which independent variables were associated with lumbopelvic flexion during a BBS.
RESULTS
The linear regression showed that a higher range of motion in ankle dorsiflexion could statistically significantly explain an increased amplitude of lumbopelvic flexion during the BBS. Anthropometrics, range of motion of the hips, and performance in lumbopelvic movement control tests did not show any statistically significant associations.
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that strength and conditioning professionals and clinicians who instruct and assess lifting technique in the BBS and/or use the BBS to assess performance or as an intervention should recognize that a higher range of motion in the ankle joints might affect lumbopelvic flexion during the BBS. In practice, the value of an individual assessment of lifting technique focusing on the goal of the movement should be emphasized.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
背景
杠铃后深蹲（BBS）练习的阻力训练在体育、休闲和康复领域都有应用。尽管存在广泛争议，但人们普遍认为并建议在BBS过程中保持腰骨盆中立位对齐是一个重要的技术方面，可能会降低受伤风险。关于客观可测量因素如何影响BBS过程中腰骨盆区域屈曲程度的了解有限。
目的
本研究的目的是调查人体测量学指标、髋关节和踝关节活动范围、腰骨盆运动控制测试与BBS执行过程中腰骨盆区域屈曲之间的关联。
研究设计
观察性横断面研究。
方法
纳入18名经验丰富的力量举运动员和奥运会举重运动员，在以1RM的70%进行BBS时，使用惯性测量单元收集腰骨盆运动的测量数据。收集人体测量学特征、髋关节和踝关节活动范围以及腰骨盆运动控制测试作为自变量。使用线性回归分析来研究哪些自变量与BBS过程中的腰骨盆屈曲相关。
结果
线性回归表明，踝关节背屈活动范围越大，在统计学上能显著解释BBS过程中腰骨盆屈曲幅度的增加。人体测量学指标、髋关节活动范围和腰骨盆运动控制测试的表现均未显示出任何统计学上的显著关联。
结论
结果表明，指导和评估BBS举重技术以及/或使用BBS评估表现或作为一种干预措施的力量与体能专业人员和临床医生应认识到，踝关节活动范围越大可能会影响BBS过程中的腰骨盆屈曲。在实践中，应强调针对运动目标进行个体举重技术评估的价值。
证据水平
3级。
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