Srivastava Shriyansh, Kumar Sachin, Sharma Pramod Kumar, Rustagi Sarvesh, Mohanty Aroop, Donovan Suzanne, Henao-Martinez Andres F, Sah Ranjit, Franco-Paredes Carlos
Department of Pharmacology Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU) Sector 3 Pushp Vihar New Delhi India.
Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences Galgotias University Greater Noida India.
Health Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 2;7(9):e70053. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.70053. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a significant public health concern transmitted by ticks. This study seeks to thoroughly grasp the epidemiology and transmission patterns of CCHF, which is caused by the CCHF virus (CCHFV), a member of the Nairovirus genus in the Bunyaviridae family.
The study investigates the global distribution and endemicity of CCHF, its mortality rates, modes of transmission (including tick bites, contact with infected animal blood, and limited person-to-person transmission), and factors influencing its prevalence across different regions. Genetic diversity within CCHFV and its impact on transmission dynamics are explored, along with efforts to control the disease through tick prevention, antiviral treatment, and the development of vaccines and diagnostics.
CCHFV exhibits widespread distribution, particularly in the Middle East, Africa, Asia, and Eastern Europe, with an overall mortality rate of approximately 30% and a case fatality rate ranging from 10% to 40%. Transmission occurs primarily through tick bites and contact with infected animal blood, with limited person-to-person transmission. Livestock workers, slaughterhouse employees, and animal herders in endemic areas are most affected by their frequent interaction with sick animals and ticks. Genetic diversity within CCHFV contributes to variations in transmission dynamics, complicating control efforts. Antiviral ribavirin shows efficacy in treating CCHF infection.
This study underscores the importance of further research to understand the enzootic environment, transmission routes, and genetic diversity of CCHFV for effective control measures, including the development of vaccines, treatment options, and diagnostics.
克里米亚-刚果出血热（CCHF）是一种由蜱传播的重大公共卫生问题。本研究旨在全面掌握由布尼亚病毒科内罗病毒属成员克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒（CCHFV）引起的CCHF的流行病学和传播模式。
该研究调查了CCHF的全球分布和地方流行性、死亡率、传播方式（包括蜱叮咬、接触感染动物血液以及有限的人传人传播），以及不同地区影响其流行的因素。探讨了CCHFV内的基因多样性及其对传播动态的影响，同时研究了通过蜱预防、抗病毒治疗以及疫苗和诊断方法的开发来控制该疾病的措施。
CCHFV分布广泛，尤其在中东、非洲、亚洲和东欧，总体死亡率约为30%，病死率在10%至40%之间。传播主要通过蜱叮咬和接触感染动物血液发生，人传人传播有限。流行地区的畜牧工人、屠宰场员工和牧民因频繁接触患病动物和蜱而受影响最大。CCHFV内的基因多样性导致传播动态存在差异，使控制工作复杂化。抗病毒药物利巴韦林在治疗CCHF感染方面显示出疗效。
本研究强调了进一步开展研究以了解CCHFV的动物疫源环境、传播途径和基因多样性对于采取有效控制措施（包括开发疫苗、治疗方案和诊断方法）的重要性。
