Alhilfi Riyadh Abdulameer, Khaleel Hanan Abdulghafoor, Raheem Baghdad Muayad, Mahdi Sinan Ghazi, Tabche Celine, Rawaf Salman
Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq.
Communicable Diseases Control Centre, Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq.
IJID Reg. 2023 Jan 18;6:76-79. doi: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2023.01.007. eCollection 2023 Mar.
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is reported sporadically in Iraq. The lack of preventive veterinary activities during 2 years of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic (2020 and 2021) led to the largest CCHF outbreak in Iraq since 1979.
To describe the epidemiological characteristics of CCHF cases that occurred during the first half of 2022 in Iraq in terms of age, sex, residence, history of contact with another case, and history of contact with animals.
This descriptive study included laboratory-confirmed cases of CCHF between 1 January 2022 and 26 June 2022. Frequencies and percentages were used to describe the demographic and epidemiologic criteria of the cases. The epidemic curve of the cases was used to describe the timing and duration of the outbreak.
In total, there were 219 confirmed cases of CCHF from 1 January 2022 to 26 June 2022. The first confirmed case was reported in March 2022, and cases continued to occur through June 2022. The median age of the cases was 34.5 years. The majority of cases were male (=130, 59.4%), had an unspecified job (=126, 57.5%) and lived in southern Iraq (=142, 64.8%). The first case was reported in week 10 of 2022. Case numbers peaked in week 24 (30 cases were reported), and subsequently declined in week 25 (24 cases were reported). The case fatality rate was 16.4%.
The CCHF outbreak in 2022 was the largest in Iraq since the disease was first reported four decades ago. Identification of CCHF strains in Iraq is recommended, together with exploration of the knowledge, attitudes and practices of high-risk groups for CCHF, and a national survey of CCHF vectors in Iraq.
伊拉克曾零星报告过克里米亚-刚果出血热（CCHF）。在2019冠状病毒病大流行的两年（2020年和2021年）期间，缺乏预防性兽医活动导致了伊拉克自1979年以来最大规模的CCHF疫情。
描述2022年上半年伊拉克发生的CCHF病例在年龄、性别、居住地、与另一病例的接触史以及与动物的接触史方面的流行病学特征。
这项描述性研究纳入了2022年1月1日至2022年6月26日期间实验室确诊的CCHF病例。频率和百分比用于描述病例的人口统计学和流行病学标准。病例的流行曲线用于描述疫情的时间和持续时间。
2022年1月1日至2022年6月26日期间，共有219例确诊的CCHF病例。首例确诊病例于2022年3月报告，病例持续出现至2022年6月。病例的中位年龄为34.5岁。大多数病例为男性（130例，59.4%），职业未明确（126例，57.5%），居住在伊拉克南部（142例，64.8%）。首例病例于2022年第10周报告。病例数在第24周达到峰值（报告了30例），随后在第25周下降（报告了24例）。病死率为16.4%。
2022年的CCHF疫情是伊拉克自四十年前首次报告该疾病以来规模最大的一次。建议在伊拉克鉴定CCHF毒株，同时探索CCHF高危人群的知识、态度和行为，并对伊拉克的CCHF媒介进行全国性调查。
