Mohamed Intisar E, Osman Elbadri E, Saeed Ahmed, Ming Long Chiau, Goh Khang Wen, Razi Pakhrur, Abdullah Amar Daud Iskandar, Dahab Mahmoud
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bahri, P.O. Box 2469, Khartoum, 12223, Sudan.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, International University of Africa, P.O. Box 2469, Khartoum, 12223, Sudan.
Heliyon. 2024 Aug 10;10(16):e35943. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35943. eCollection 2024 Aug 30.
Memory loss is becoming an increasingly significant health problem, largely due to Alzheimer's disease (AD), which disrupts the brain in several ways, including causing inflammation and weakening the body's defenses. This study explores the potential of medicinal plants as a source of novel therapeutic agents for AD. First, we tested various plant extracts against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) , following molecular docking simulations with key AD-related protein targets such as MAO-B, P-gp, GSK-3β, and CD14. Rosemary extract was found to be the most inhibitory towards AChE. The compounds found in rosemary (oleanolic acid), sage (pinocembrin), and cinnamon (italicene) showed promise in potentially binding to MAO-B. These chemicals may interact with a key protein in the brain and alter the production and removal of amyloid-β. Luteolin (from rosemary), myricetin (from sage), chamigrene, and italicene (from cinnamon) exhibited potential for inhibiting tau aggregation. Additionally, ursolic acid found in rosemary, sage, and chamigrene from cinnamon could modulate CD14 activity. For the first time, our findings shed light on the intricate interplay between neuroinflammation, neuroprotective mechanisms, and the immune system's role in AD. Further research is needed to validate the efficacy and safety of these plant-derived compounds, as well as their interactions with key protein targets, which could lead to the development of novel AD therapeutics.
记忆力丧失正日益成为一个重大的健康问题，这主要归因于阿尔茨海默病（AD），它以多种方式损害大脑，包括引发炎症和削弱身体的防御能力。本研究探索了药用植物作为AD新型治疗剂来源的潜力。首先，我们针对乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）测试了各种植物提取物，并对诸如单胺氧化酶B（MAO-B）、P-糖蛋白（P-gp）、糖原合成酶激酶-3β（GSK-3β）和CD14等关键AD相关蛋白靶点进行了分子对接模拟。结果发现迷迭香提取物对AChE的抑制作用最强。在迷迭香中发现的化合物（齐墩果酸）、鼠尾草中发现的化合物（皮诺cembrin）和肉桂中发现的化合物（italicene）显示出可能与MAO-B结合的潜力。这些化学物质可能与大脑中的一种关键蛋白质相互作用，改变淀粉样β蛋白的产生和清除。木犀草素（来自迷迭香）、杨梅素（来自鼠尾草）、查米烯和italicene（来自肉桂）具有抑制tau蛋白聚集的潜力。此外，在迷迭香、鼠尾草和肉桂的查米烯中发现的熊果酸可以调节CD14的活性。我们的研究结果首次揭示了神经炎症、神经保护机制以及免疫系统在AD中的作用之间的复杂相互作用。需要进一步研究来验证这些植物源化合物的疗效和安全性，以及它们与关键蛋白靶点的相互作用，这可能会促成新型AD治疗药物的开发。
